1 / 14

Trachoma

Trachoma. Acknowledgement. Materials from the WHO programme for prevention of blindness is used for this presentation. Introduction. Ocular infection with clamidia trachomatis serovars A,B,Ba and C Second leading cause of blindness worldwide

ryanadan
Télécharger la présentation

Trachoma

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Trachoma

  2. Acknowledgement • Materials from the WHO programme for prevention of blindness is used for this presentation

  3. Introduction • Ocular infection with clamidia trachomatis serovars A,B,Ba and C • Second leading cause of blindness worldwide • Disappearance in Europe and America predated antibiotics

  4. Pathogenesis of trachoma blindness • Normal conjunctiva • Trachoma conjunctivitis and re-infection • Secondary bacterial infections • Scarring • Trichiasis • Corneal opacity • Blindness

  5. Magnitude of the problem • 590 million people at risk from blinding trachoma • 150 million people have active trachoma • 10.6 million people have trichiasis • 5.9 million people blind from trachoma • 15% of global blindness: 2nd cause of blindness

  6. Geographic distribution of blinding trachoma (Thylefors, 1995)

  7. Distribution of disease • Trachoma is concentrated in hot, dusty, dry parts of the world. Proxy for poverty • Within endemic countries, trachoma is found in areas that are: • Rural • Economically underdeveloped • Without good water supplies • Without basic sanitation • Since it is an infectious disease, trachoma clusters at neighbourhood and household level

  8. Intervention: SAFE strategy • Surgery for trichiasis • Antibiotics for TF/TI • Facial cleanliness to prevent transmission of C. trachomatis • Environmental change to prevent transmission of C. trachomatis

  9. Transmission of Infection • Transmission of chlamydia from ocular and nasal secretion of children • Direct spread during play/sharing a bed • Conveyance on fingers • Indirect spread on fomites • Eye-seeking flies • Coughing/sneezing

  10. Disruption of Infection cycle • Antibiotics • Faces, Fingers, Fomites and Flies: Hygiene • Environmental changes: • water provision and use • Overcrowded housing • Domestic waste management • Animal proximity to household

  11. Which antibiotic? Tetracycline ointment b.d. for 6 weeks Cures 60-80% of cases of TF/TI if full course is administered; compliance a problem

  12. Which antibiotic? Oral azithromycin More effective than tetracycline in normal programme conditions

  13. Role of Optometrists • Training • Education • Community diagnosis • Refraction/correction • Low vision aids

More Related