Aim: Why was the War of 1812 considered a 2 nd War of Independence ?

1. Aim: Why was the War of 1812 considered a 2nd War of Independence? • Do Now: • Complete the vocabulary handout • Match the image to the vocabulary terms • (5 minutes)

2. Vocabulary for the War of 1812 • Blockade—stealing ports to prevent other ships from entering or leaving • Impressment—Act of seizing (capturing) sailors to work on ships • Embargo—a ban on exporting goods to other countries***** • War hawk—one who favors war • Armistice—end to the fighting of a war****

3. Draw a line from the vocabulary word to the visual that most closely matches • Armistice • Impressment • Blockade • War hawk • Embargo

4. Reading/Graph Assignment • Obtain a copy of Problems With Great Britain and France • We will read the background as a class • After, complete the line graph • Then complete the questions that follow

5. War between Great Britain and France eventually affected the U.S. Both countries wanted to limit U.S. trading with its enemy. Great Britain and France had been violating U.S. shipping rights. Between 1805-07, a large number of U.S. ships were seized and impressments of American sailors into service on British ships increased. Congress to passed an extreme measure, the Embargo Act of 1807. The act restricted trade with all foreign nations. Congress replaced the Embargo Act of 1807 with the almost unenforceable Non-Intercourse Act of March 1809. This Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports. The intent was to damage the economies of the United Kingdom and France.

6. Increasing Tensions with Europe • A. Jay’s Treaty expired in 1805 • 1. British begin kidnapping American soldiers to serve in navy • 2. 1807 – British attacked USS Chesapeake (21 casualties) • B. The Embargo of 1807 • 1. outlawed almost all trade with foreign countries • 2. Many Americans hate embargo • C. War was not declared until 1812, during James Madison’s Presidency. • D. The war was the second between the U.S. and Great Britain (2nd War of Independence)

7. Document Analysis • In pairs… • Read Excerpts FromMadison’s War Message to Congress, June 1, 1812 aloud to your partner (switch off paragraphs) • Answer the questions that follow

8. I. Causes of the war of 1812 • 1. “Impressment” – England forces U.S. sailors into service. • 2. Interference with U.S. commerce– both England and France seize U.S. merchant vessels in an attempt to cut off trade to their rivals. England’s navy was larger and caused more damage. • 3. Failure of the Embargo Act - U.S. manufacturing and trade is severely hurt and the people demand action • 4. Northwest Territory- members of Congress from the new states just west of the Appalachians are angry and believe that Britain is supplying Native Americans (Tecumseh) with weapons and urging them to kill American settlers. • 6. War – President Madison persuades Congress to declare war on England in 1812 over the objections of the Federalists in the North.

9. Effects of the war of 1812 on the United States • The United States did gain a measure of international respect for managing to withstand the British Empire • Increased feelings of nationalism • Significant military development • Increased the manufacturing capabilities of the United States

10. The War of 1812 has been called the “Second War for American Independence” primarily because the (1) British blocked United States access to the port of New Orleans (2) United States continued to resist taxes imposed by Great Britain (3) British government had never fully respected the United States as a free nation (4) United States and Great Britain had not signed a peace treaty after the Revolutionary War

11. An example of a primary source of information about the War of 1812 would be a • battle plan for the attack on Fort McHenry • (2) historical novel on the Battle of New Orleans • (3) movie on the life of President James Madison • (4) textbook passage on the naval engagements of • the war