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An overview of IP addressing history and policy issues

An overview of IP addressing history and policy issues. Leo Vegoda Number Resources Manager, IANA. Agenda (1 of 2). Addressing history Feature sets Where are we now? Operational issues. Agenda (2 of 2). ICANN’s role Current policy issues Impact on users What can At-Large do?.

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An overview of IP addressing history and policy issues

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  1. An overview of IP addressing history and policy issues Leo Vegoda Number Resources Manager, IANA

  2. Agenda (1 of 2) Addressing history Feature sets Where are we now? Operational issues

  3. Agenda (2 of 2) ICANN’s role Current policy issues Impact on users What can At-Large do?

  4. Protocol & Operational

  5. Significant dates in IPv4 1980 – the start 1981 – Classes introduced 1993 – CIDR introduced 1997 – ARIN formed 2005 – 1st Global Policy 2009 – 2nd Global Policy 2011 – Fully Allocated

  6. Significant dates in IPv6 1996 – Protocol finalised 1999 – 1st allocations 2006 – 1st Global Policy All RIRs receive /12s

  7. Feature sets 32 –vs- 128-bits Auto-configuration IPSEC

  8. State of the IPv4 pool The IPv4 pool is now fully allocated – at least at the top level Photo by Silverstealth

  9. But in IPv6… We have barely started on the IPv6 address space yet Source: Guillaume Leclanche v6stuff.leclanche.net

  10. Where are we now? (1 of 2) IPv6 addresses have been included in the root DNS zone since 2004 Root DNS servers have been reachable over IPv6 since 2008 221 TLDs have at least 1 IPv6 nameserver

  11. Where are we now? (1 of 2) 146 TLDs have more than 1 IPv6 nameserver 10 of the 11 settlement-free peering (Tier 1) networks offer IPv6 connectivity 26% of IXPs have an IPv6 peering LAN

  12. When will each region run out? Geoff Huston has done a prediction for when each RIR’s main pool will run out His prediction does not show when the RIR’s last /8 pool will run out as there are special policies for those blocks and no historical trend to inform a prediction

  13. Operational issues IPv4-only devices cannot communicate natively with IPv6-only devices It is not easy to roll-out IPv6 on some access networks

  14. Policy & Practical

  15. ICANN’s role Observe Measure Encourage

  16. Current policy issues Global policy discussion on IANA mediated IPv4 redistribution Tweaks to “Last /8” policies Tweaks to RIR IPv6 allocation policies and routing recommendations

  17. Impact on users IPv6 deployment is a challenge but should not mean that users lose access to parts of the Internet Translation mechanisms are available, as are tools for sharing IPv4 addresses between subscribers ISPs need to make these things invisible or they will lose customers

  18. What can I do? Where you live in a market economy and have a choice of providers it is important to contact your ISP and let them know that you want native IPv6 service from them Doing this helps the ISP measure customer demand

  19. I might need a new home router The RIPE NCC has been surveying the various different routers and modems used for broadband Internet access http://labs.ripe.net/Members/mirjam/ipv6-cpe-survey-updated-january-2011/

  20. Thank you

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