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The Future of Lab A nimal Pathology

The Future of Lab A nimal Pathology . Mouse. 2007: We need more mouse pathologists !!!! . Cardiff RD . Pathologists needed to cope with mutant mice . Nature. 2007 May 31;447(7144):528.

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The Future of Lab A nimal Pathology

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  1. The Future of Lab Animal Pathology

  2. Mouse

  3. 2007: We need more mouse pathologists !!!! Cardiff RD.Pathologists needed to cope with mutant mice. Nature. 2007 May 31;447(7144):528. Barthold SW, Borowsky AD, Brayton C, Bronson R, Cardiff RD, Griffey SM, Ince TA, Nikitin AY, Sundberg J, Valli VE, Ward JM.From whence will they come? - A perspective on the acute shortage of pathologists in biomedical research. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2007 Jul;19(4):455-6.

  4. 2009: Really, you do need us…. Schofield PN, Brown SD, Sundberg JP, Arends M, Warren MV, Dubus P, Ellender M, Fiette L, Rozell B, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Raspa M, Song JY, van der Valk M, McKerlie C. PRIME importance of pathology expertise. Nat Biotechnol. 2009 Jan;27(1):24-5. Warren MV, Studley ML, Dubus P, Fiette L, Rozell B, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Raspa M, Breuer M, Song JY, Gates H, Brown SD, Schofield PN.An impending crisis in the provision of histopathology expertise for mouse functional genomics. J Pathol. 2009 Jan;217(1):4-13.. “…lack of trained pathologists and a lack of trainees entering the field” “…a significant proportion of vacant posts across Europe remain unfilled for 6 months or more, due to lack of qualified applicants, lack of funding”

  5. 2010-2012: The role of pathology in high throughput phenotyping Nature. 2010 May 27;465(7297):410. Mouse project to find each gene's role. Abbott A. International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) The knockout strains will then be put through rigorous, systematic phenotypic screens, which will check for physical and behavioural differences. The information will be stored in a purpose-built, open-access database Knockout science: massive mouse project to provide window into human diseases. Hampton T. JAMA. 2011 Nov 9;306(18):1968 DisModelMech. 2012 Jan;5(1):19-25. doi: 10.1242/dmm.008334. Epub 2011 Oct 25. Exploringtheelephant: histopathology in high-throughputphenotypingofmutantmice. Schofield PN, Vogel P, Gkoutos GV, Sundberg JP.

  6. 2008: Ummmm….don’t do this at home…. Ince TA, Ward JM, Valli VE, Sgroi D, Nikitin AY, Loda M, Griffey SM, Crum CP, Crawford JM, Bronson RT, Cardiff RD.Do-it-yourself (DIY) pathology. Nat Biotechnol. 2008 Sep;26(9):978-9; “….not only the authors but also the reviewers and editors often have neglected to consult a comparative pathologist during the evaluation of such manuscripts. “

  7. Lamborghini Macaque http://goanimate.com/videos/08QjkLMH-psc

  8. 2006: Hmmm…there seems to be a problem of translation… Giles J. Animal experiments under fire for poor design. Nature. 2006 Dec 21;444(7122):981

  9. 2011: WALL STREET JOURNAL December 2, 2011 Scientists’ Elusive Goal: Reproducing Study Results http://www.omsj.org/corruption/scientists-elusive-goal-reproducing-study-results 2013: THE ECONOMIST Unreliable research Trouble at the lab Oct 19th 2013 http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21588057-scientists-think-science-self-correcting-alarming-degree-it-not-trouble

  10. 2013 Couzin-Frankel J. When mice mislead. Science. 2013 Nov 22;342(6161):922-3 Baker D, Lidster K, Sottomayor A, Amor S. Reproducibility: Research-reporting standards fall short. Nature. 2012 Dec 6;492(7427):4 Nat RevNeurosci. 2013 May;14(5):365-76. Power failure: whysmallsample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience. Button KS, Ioannidis JP, Mokrysz C, Nosek BA, Flint J, Robinson ES, Munafò MR. Publication bias in reports of animal stroke studies leads to major overstatement of efficacy. Sena ES, van der Worp HB, Bath PM, Howells DW, Macleod MR.PLoSBiol. 2010 Mar 30;8(3)

  11. 2010: Improved design and reporting for human clinical trials 2005: Ioannidis JP. Why most published research findings are false. PLoSMed. 2005 Aug;2(8):e124. 2010: the CONSORT guidelines. Adopted by many clinical journals: the requirements to report whether and how the studies were blinded and randomized, how sample size was determined, how data were handled, and other important determinants of quality clinical science Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D. CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. Plos Med 2010;7:e1000251 2010: ARRIVE guidelines. Br J Pharmacol. 2010 Aug;160(7) For animal studies

  12. 2013: Improved design and reporting for animal trials Landis SC et al. A call for transparent reporting to optimize the predictive value of preclinical research. Nature. 2012 Oct 11;490(7419):187-91 Announcement: Reducing our irreproducibility. Nature 496, 398 (25 April 2013) CHECKLIST FOR REVIEWERS: INCL ARRIVE GUIDELINES Howells DW, Sena ES, Macleod MR. Bringing rigour to translational medicine. Nat Rev Neurol. 2013 Nov 19

  13. Mice are not small humans A mouse is not a mouse is not a mouse Academic environment favors positive results prolific publication tight budgets promote small sample sizes Journals: do not enforce consistent design/interpretation standards Vet pathologists: need genetics/cell bio/research training

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