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CHAPTER 5 APPLES, TIGERS, AND SWAHILI

CHAPTER 5 APPLES, TIGERS, AND SWAHILI. ENGLISH FOR CAREERS , 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical by Leila R. Smith Presentation design by Barbara Moran. Chapter 5 helps you.

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CHAPTER 5 APPLES, TIGERS, AND SWAHILI

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  1. CHAPTER 5 APPLES, TIGERS, AND SWAHILI ENGLISH FOR CAREERS, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical by Leila R. Smith Presentation design by Barbara Moran

  2. Chapter 5 helps you... • Apply Standard English principles to form plurals of regular and irregular nouns, write compound nouns, and capitalize proper nouns • Correctly spell, pronounce, and use the words presented in this chapter • Use bias-free language

  3. PLURAL OF NOUNS ENDING WITH Y • If preceded by a vowel--addS • Monkey s English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  4. If preceded by a consonant -- change Y i to • Duty • Duties and addes English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  5. If the noun is a musical term ending in an O, addS s • Piccolo • Soprano s If the noun ends in O and is not a musical term, add S ores Memos Vetoes English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  6. When in doubt, look it up The dictionary is your friend English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  7. Remember, if in doubt... Some nouns ending in F • Loaf = Loaves • Scarf = Scarfsor Scarves English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  8. Sometimes a spelling change is required to form a plural • Louse - Louses or Lice, depends on meaning (louses are creepy people; lice are creepy insects) • Crisis - Crises • Criterion - Criteria or Criterions • Ox - Oxen • Man -- Men • Tooth -- Teeth • Foot -- Feet

  9. Sometimes spelling remains the same for plurals • Japanese • Vietnamese • Aircraft • Salmon • Sheep • Trout • Deer • Statistics

  10. Sometimes meaning determines the use of a singular or plural verb Check the dictionary for “use with sing. verb” or “pl. noun”or “pl.n.used as sing.” Phonetics isimportant to shorthand The trousers aretoo long. English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  11. Do not change the spelling of proper nouns to make them plural. • Mary = Marys • We had threeMarysin class. • Wolf = Wolfs • All theWolfscame to the reunion.

  12. Use (guess what...) the dictionary to determine whether to space between, write as one word or hyphenate Close-up Eye-opener Hand-me-downs Tie-in Brother-in-law Follow-up Name-dropper English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  13. (note: space between) • Back talk • Time clock • Tongue twister • Short circuit

  14. Note: written as one word • Dollhouse • Checkbook • Deadlock • Blowout • Bookstore

  15. Use the dictionary to determine which part of the compound to make plural. headline s write-off s brother-in - law s letterof credit s English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  16. Here are some “capital ideas”… • Capitalize official titles (unless they follow name) • President Jimmy Carter owned a peanut farm. • Jimmy Carter was president from 1977-1981. • Capitalize titles that follow names in addresses • Jimmy Carter, President • Don’t capitalize if a noun/pronoun precedes title • I wrote to my president about the war. • Organizational words are usually capitalized only when associated with a specific entity • I go to college. • I go to Winston College. English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  17. Capitalize definite geographic locations • He lives in the North, but talks like a Southerner. • Don’t capitalize general directions • Go east on Eastern Avenue for five blocks. • Always capitalize names of languages and official courses • I learned Swahili in my African Language 101 class. • Are you taking any language classes this fall? • Races referenced by color are lowercase, but sociological references are capitalized. So are religions • white/Caucasian black/African American • Christianity Judaism Islam Buddhism English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  18. Avoid workplace language that unnecessarily focuses on someone’s age, physical characteristics, nationality, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, or political beliefs. Be aware of acceptable terms for nationalities, races, and religions. Your textbook explains the best current choices. English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  19. Which of these three sentences should be avoided in a bias-free workplace? • An African American networking specialist is the keynote speaker at the Computer Hardware Convention. • A networking specialist is the keynote speaker at the Computer Hardware Convention. • African American networking specialist Marva Jones will be the keynote speaker at the African American Computer Scientists conference. AVOID!

  20. Which of these two sentences should be avoided in a bias-free workplace? Jean Chung, the blind transcriber, doesn’t need the new lighting fixture. Because she is blind, transcriber Jean Chung doesn’t need the new lighting fixture. AVOID! AVOID! Sue Clark is the new female CEO. Sue Clark is the new CEO.

  21. AVOID businessman mankind manmade chairman male nursestewardess TRY executive humanity synthetic moderator nurse flight attendant English for Careers, 9th Edition Business, Professional, and Technical By Leila R. Smith ©2006 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

  22. Congratulations You have seen how to • Apply Standard English principles to form plurals of regular and irregular nouns, write compound nouns, and capitalize proper nouns • Correctly spell, pronounce, and use the words presented in this chapter • Use bias-free language

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