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Unit-10

UNIT. Unit-10. Teaching Aim. Reading I. Reading II. Extended Activities. Teaching Aim. Teaching Aim. Unit 10 Air Travel. 1. Cognitive Information ( 认知信息 ): Air Travel Reserving Flight Tickets 2. Language Focus ( 内容重点 )

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Unit-10

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  1. UNIT Unit-10 • Teaching Aim • Reading I • Reading II • Extended Activities

  2. Teaching Aim Teaching Aim Unit 10 Air Travel 1. Cognitive Information (认知信息): Air Travel Reserving Flight Tickets 2. Language Focus (内容重点) —Key Words: I. determine, stroll, justice, reward, punish, ulcer, to the bone, round, guy, abuse, wimp, saunter, fuss, crush, conspiracy, ultimate, counter, hurry, tumble, guts, snap; II. reservation, available, opening, book, supersaver, tentatively, penalize, fare, rate

  3. Teaching Aim Teaching Aim Unit 10 Air Travel — Phrases: I. take off, pay off, make a fuss, on board, on top of, show up, make it, out of breath, in advance, argue over; II. as for, be eligible for, prior to — Word Study: suffer, aware, miss, embarrass, figure —Useful Structures: be about to do do sth. three/...times no matter how/whether/what etc. have the guts (to do) so long as... what if...

  4. Teaching Aim Teaching Aim Unit 10 Air Travel — Grammar: Continuous and Perfect Continuous Tenses of Verbs 3. Communicative Skills(交际技能) — Expressions: Booking Flight Tickets — Reading: Flight Schedule 4. Phonetic Review(语音复习): Semi-vowels

  5. Reading I UNIT Reading I Unit 10 Air Travel • Pre-reading • Text • Background Information • New Words and Expressions • Exercises • Post-reading

  6. Pre-reading Pre-reading Unit 10 Air Travel • Pre-reading I • Pre-reading II

  7. Pre-reading I Pre-reading I Unit 10 Air Travel I. Brainstorming: Work with your partner and write out words or expressions about travel by air. Airline _________ ____________ __________ __________ ________ pilot __________ _________ ___________ _______ ________ ________ ________ depart ________ first class _____________ ___________ _______ board a plane ______________ _____________ ___________________ ________________ airport air terminal air fares air ticket aircrew airhostess steward stewardess arrive fly take off land economy class tourist class business class cabin get into a plane get off a plane miss the flight/plane cancel the flight

  8. Pre-reading II Pre-reading II Unit 10 Air Travel II. Pairwork: Discuss the following questions with your partner. 1. Have you ever traveled by air before?  If yes, how do you like your air travel experiences?  If not, do you know anything about air travel? 2. What do you think are the primary concerns of most air travelers? Air travel safety and security, service, airfare, convenience... 3. What tips would you like to give to a friend embarking on an air trip?

  9. Pre-reading II Pre-reading II Unit 10 Air Travel 4. What do you think are the most important airline services for the business travelers? air-miles awards for frequent flyers / valet service /airport parking / double baggage allowance / priority status at check-in / exclusive business lounges / advanced seat selection / business class selection/comfortable seating / wider, fully reclining seats/in-seat phone or fax facilities / in-flight catering or free drinks/free newspapers and magazines / in-flight entertainment / on-board duty-free sales / scheduled flights... 5. Would you like to get to the airport much earlier or just on time? And what will you do if you are late or much too early for the flight?

  10. Text Text-1 Unit 10 Air Travel Getting to the Airport 1 After years of study, I have determined there are only two types of people in this world: those who get to the airport early and those who stroll in as the plane is about to take off. 2 If there were any justice in this world, the early-airport people would be rewarded for doing the right thing. And the late-airport people would be punished. 3 But there is no justice. The early-airport people get ulcers, heart attacks and bite their fingernails to the bone.

  11. Text Text-2 Unit 10 Air Travel 4 The late-airport people barely are aware they are flying. 5 I once found myself in an airport bar with a man on the same flight as me. Our flight had been called three times, but he insisted we stay for another round. 6 “If we miss this one, there’s always another plane in an hour,” he said, signaling for two more drinks. 7 “To Dhahran, Saudi Arabia?” I said. “There isn’t another flight for a week. ”

  12. Text Text-3 Unit 10 Air Travel 8 “I have a theory,” he said. “If you miss your flight, it’s because God didn’t want you to go. ” 9 This is clearly a guy who is never going to get an ulcer. 10 Early-airport people suffer another abuse. They are called exactly what they are: wimps. 11 I know I was an early-airport person for years. 12 My luggage will get on the plane first, I told myself. 13 Indeed it will. Which makes it the last luggage they take off the plane when you land.

  13. Text Text-4 Unit 10 Air Travel 14 You know who really gets his luggage first? The late-airport person, who saunters into the airport three minutes before the plane takes off. 15 The pilot is practically in the air when these people are still paying off the taxi. 16 Then they make a big fuss at the gate in order to get their luggage on board. 17 And when we finally take off, all us wimps know that not only will that late luggage be the first off the plane, but it is probably sitting on top of our luggage, crushing our shirts.

  14. Text Text-5 Unit 10 Air Travel 18 But if I get there real, real early, I told my old wimpy self, I will get the best seat. 19 Well, just try to show up early and get the seat you want. Go ahead and try. 20No matter how early I show up, I was always told that someone had called two or three years ahead of me and asked for that seat. 21 I figured it was a conspiracy. I figured there was someone in America who called every airline every day and said: “Is that wimp Simon flying somewhere today? If he is, give me his seat. ”

  15. Text Text-6 Unit 10 Air Travel 22 The ultimate embarrassment of the early-airport person happened to me a few years ago when I was flying from La Guardia to O’Hare. 23 When I got to the ticket counter, the person there said: “Sir, you have a seat on the 9: 15 a. m. flight to Chicago, is that right?” 24 “Yes,” I said. 25 “Well, it’s only 7 a. m. , and the 7: 05 a. m. flight has not left yet. If you hurry, you can make it. ” 26 I was too embarrassed to say that I arrived at airports early so I wouldn’t have to hurry. Instead, I ran down the corridor to the plane.

  16. Text Text-7 Unit 10 Air Travel 27 I climbed on board, out of breath, red-faced, and stumbled over a woman’s legs to get to the last unoccupied seat. 28 The woman I stepped over was no wimp. She had the guts to complain. “You should get to the airport earlier!” she snapped at me. 29 “I was here early,” I said weakly. “But then somehow I wasn’t anymore. ” 30 After a lifetime of arguing over whether I really have to pack 24 hours in advance and set the alarm clock four hours ahead, I have learned one other fact about early-airport people and late-airport people: 31 They always marry each other.

  17. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel 1. History of flight During the late 1700’s, people made their first flights into the air using balloons, which were an early form of airship. After the first balloon flights, inventors tried to develop a heavier than air flying machine. Some inventors experimented with gliders (engineless planes). They studied birds’ wings and discovered that the wings are curved. By building gliders with curved wings instead of flat ones, they could make the vehicles fly hundreds of feet or meters. But long distance flight in a heavier-than- air machine did not become possible until the invention of an engine light enough but powerful enough to keep a plane in flight.

  18. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel The first such engines were four stroke gasoline engines, developed during the 1880’s and initially used to power bicycles, boats, and carriages. In 1903, the brothers Orville and Wilbur Wright — two American bicycle makers — made the first successful powered airplane flights in history near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. After the Wright brothers’ success, pilots and inventors worked continually to improve airplane design. By the late 1950’s, passenger planes with jet engines had brought all countries within easy reach of one another, and the world seemed much smaller than it had been just a few years before.

  19. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel 2. Impact of air travel on human life For all of history, humanity had seen the world from the ground. It had relied solely upon transportation that moved across the ground and over or around its obstacles. When Orville and Wilbur Wright flew history’s first airplane for 120 short feet (36 and 1/2 meters) in North Carolina in 1903, the significance of their new invention was of course not yet apparent. The first passenger planes, barely 20 years later, did little to change that view. In 1927, Lindbergh’s transatlantic flight captured America’s imagination. Further developments during World War II sped the development of commercial aviation. Airplane manufacturers Douglas and Boeing built new airplanes with pressurized and heated cabins. Suddenly airplanes could fly above bad weather and mountains, where the air and thus the ride were smoother.

  20. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel In 1940, three million Americans flew. By 1956, 55 million flew. The first jet airliner, the Boeing 707, was introduced in 1959. It cut flying time between New York and London from twelve hours to six hours. But by the 1960s, air travelers were still mostly wealthy people and business people on expense accounts. Ordinary people could not afford to fly, to see their loved ones in other cities, or visit exciting vacation spots. However, by 1990, more adult Americans had flown than owned a car.

  21. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel Along with highways, the Internet, and cable and satellite television, widely available air travel has helped connect people with the world outside of their own communities. Air travel has had a profound impact, both material and social, on our life. It has affected the way we live, the way we view ourselves and the world around us, and the way we do business. Although difficult to measure, aviation’s history suggests that it has contributed to widespread awareness of and connection to people and places very different from one’s own.

  22. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel 3. Airline industry in China Airline industry in China developed very rapidly over the last 50 years, as domestic routes increased from 12 to 1,115 and international routes increased from nine cities in five countries to 64 cities in 34 countries. Until 1979, air travel was still quite rare. During the last two decades, more than 40 new airports were built and more than 60 were upgraded and expanded. In 1978, China ranked 32nd among ICAO covenant countries in passenger volume and ranks 6th today. It is estimated that the passenger volume of China’s air transportation will grow at an average annual rate of 8.5% between 2000 and 2019, reaching the annual volume of 438.7 billion kilometers.

  23. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel China is a permanent member of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations established in 1947 to assist in the planning and development of international air transport, and is a party to many other intentional aviation conventions. Fifty seven air companies from 43 countries operate air services in 13 Chinese cities. Prior to 2001, China had 31 international, regional, and domestic carriers, most of which were small and inefficient. Since mid2001, the three newly formed groups (China Southern, China Eastern, and Air China) have become the dominant players and collectively command 80.5% of the passenger and 84.7% of the freight markets.

  24. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel These three major competitors have developed brand loyalty and are selected as the preferred carriers by the Chinese traveling public. One of the major limitations to the airline industry’s growth is the lack of availability of airports and the related infrastructure that is required for the airlines to provide the air transportation services. Since 1987, Chinese government spent RMB 39.2 billion (US$4.72 billion) in constructing air infrastructure. Airline industry (airline companies and airports) has also been instituting significant changes to improve the infrastructure, especially to help customers acquire tickets and make informed decisions.

  25. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel 4. Air travel tips Air travel today isn’t as easy as it used to be. There are more questions, options, and concerns than ever. Will you be able to get an affordable seat? How many carry-ons can you bring on the plane? How long should you expect to be detained at security? What kinds of identification are absolutely required for domestic and international travel? To make air travel less intimidating, we’ve outlined some of the things to consider:

  26. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel • Confirm flight times and dates for all portions of your trip to make sure that it matches up with your information. • Make copies of your air travel itinerary and leave a copy with your workplace and family members or friends. • Provide your travel agent or airline with phone numbers where you can be reached during your travels, in addition to giving these phone numbers to your workplace and family or friends. Also include hotel addresses and contact numbers. • Make sure that your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your return dates of travel.

  27. Background Information Background Information Unit 10 Air Travel • When traveling internationally make sure that you have any visas that may be required. Verify if there are business or tourist visas and which one best suits the purpose of your travel. • Do make photocopies of your passport, visas and any other pertinent travel documents. Pack copies in your luggage as well as leaving copies with your workplace, family and/or friends. • Bring a copy of your medical history with you. This could simply involve listing any medical conditions, blood type, etc. • If you are traveling internationally try to have key phrases written in the local language such as “help”, or “I need to see a doctor／the police”.

  28. New Words and Expressions New Words and Expressions Unit 10 Air Travel • New words and Expressions • Notes • Language and Culture Focus

  29. New words and Expressions New words and Expressions Unit 10 Air Travel 1. determine v. to conclude after reasoning or observation 确定 2. strollv. to walk in a relaxed way 散步 3. justicen. fairness; reward for goodness, punishment for evil 公正；公平 4. rewardv. gain something as a return for work or service 报酬 5. ulcern. damage to the inside of the stomach 胃溃疡 6. fingernailn. one of the hard flat pieces at the ends of the fingers 指甲 7. barelyad. hardly; almost not 几乎不 8.roundn. one (drink) for every one (斟)一巡(酒) 9. guyn. (infml) a man; fellow 家伙 10. abusen. unkind, cruel or rude words 辱骂 11.wimpn. coward; person with no courage 懦夫 [ wimpy a. being cowardly 怯懦的 ]

  30. New words and Expressions New words and Expressions Unit 10 Air Travel 12. saunterv. to walk for pleasure 蹓跶；散步 13. fussn. unnecessary excitement, worry, impatience, etc. Often about something unimportant 大惊小怪 14. crushv. to break something by pressing with great force 压碎 15. figurev. (infl. esp. AmE) to consider； to estimate 揣测；相信

  31. New words and Expressions New words and Expressions Unit 10 Air Travel 16. conspiracyn. an evil plan； the act of making such a plan 阴谋 17. ultimatea. being at the end or happening in the end 最终的 18. embarrassmentn. the state of causing somebody to feel ashamed or socially uncomfortable 使窘迫[embarrassment n.窘迫] 19. counter n. a narrow table or flat surface on which goods are shown in a shop, bank, etc. 柜台

  32. New words and Expressions New words and Expressions Unit 10 Air Travel 20. hurryv. to cause to be quick in action 匆忙；仓促 21. instead ad. in place of 代替 22. stumblev. to hit one’s foot against something while moving along and start to fall 绊跌 23. unoccupieda. not taken 未被占用的 24. gutsn. courage 勇气 25. snapv. to sayquickly, usu. in an annoyed or angry way 怒气冲冲地说 26. arguev. to provide reason for or against something 争论；辩论

  33. New words and Expressions New words and Expressions Unit 10 Air Travel 1. take off (a plane) to rise into the air at the beginning of a flight 起飞 2. pay off to pay and dismiss somebody 付钱打发人走 3. make a fuss (about/over sth.) to pay excessive attention to 大惊小怪 4. on board on a plane (a ship, or a public vehicle) 在飞机上(船上、车 上) 5. show up to arrive 到达

  34. New words and Expressions New words and Expressions Unit 10 Air Travel 6. on top of on, above 在……上 7. make it to succeed 成功 8. out of breath breathing very rapidly； breathless 气喘吁吁 9. argue over to provide reasons for or against something 争辩 10. in advance ahead of 提前；预先

  35. Notes Notes Unit 10 Air Travel • bite their fingernails to the bone: biting one’s fingernail is an act showing impatience or nervousness. • This is clearly a guy who is never going to get an ulcer: ulcer is believed to be usually caused in part by worry. The guy mentioned in the text seems never to have experienced worry, hence it is quite unlikely that he will get an ulcer. • the pilot is practically in the air when . . . : the pilot is about to take off; practically: almost. • La Guardia: one of the two airports in New York, the other one being J. F. Kennedy. • O’Hare: an airport in Chicago, the biggest airport in the US. • after a lifetime of arguing over . . . : after a long argument over . . .

  36. Exercises Exercises Unit 10 Air Travel • Exercise I • Exercise II • Exercise III • Exercise IV • Exercise V • Exercise VI

  37. Exercise I ◇ Exercise I Unit 10 Air Travel I. Read the text carefully again and discuss the following questions. • What has the author found out after years of study? • Why does the author say that there is no justice in the world? • Who will get his luggage first? Why? • What are late-airport people probably doing several minutes before the plane takes off? • Why can’t you get a good seat even if you arrive at the airport early? Please explain. • Why does the author always arrive at the airport hours before the plane takes off? • What happened to the author when he arrived at La Guardia airport two hours and a quarter ahead of schedule? • If the author is married, do you think his wife is an early-airport or a late-airport person? Give your reasons.

  38. Exercise II ◇ Exercise II Unit 10 Air Travel II. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions. ( ) 1. The main idea of the text is _______. a. how to get to the airport early b. that getting to the airport late is of benefit to you c. people’s different attitudes towards catching planes d. that early-airport people are cowards c

  39. Exercise II ◇ Exercise II Unit 10 Air Travel () 2. When the author says “This is clearly a guy who is never going to get an ulcer,” he means _______. a. the man is in good physical condition b. the man is a typical late-airport person c. the man is immune to any ulcer d. the man believes in God and he will never fall ill ( ) 3. _______ luggage is the last to be taken off the plane after landing. a. Early-airport people’s b. Late-airport people’s c. Aircrew’s d. The pilot’s b a

  40. Exercise II ◇ Exercise II Unit 10 Air Travel ( ) 4. When the author was flying from La Guardia to O’Hare a few years ago, _______. a. he hurried to the airport at 7 a. m. to catch the 7:05 a. m. flight b. he arrived at the airport so early that the person in the ticket counter wouldn’t let him check in c. he arrived at the airport so early for his flight that the person in the ticket counter suggested that he take an earlier one d. he arrived at the airport too late to catch his flight so he had to take another one c

  41. Exercise II ◇ Exercise II Unit 10 Air Travel ( ) 5. It can be safely concluded from the text that _______. a. the early-airport people are sure to be rewarded for being punctual b. the early-airport people often suffer from bad health c. the people suffering from heart diseases usually arrive at the airport early d. the early-airport people usually get the best seats as “first come, first served”. b

  42. Exercise III ◇ Exercise III Unit 10 Air Travel III. Give the English words or phrases according to the meanings provided. embarrassment 1. ______________ the state of causing somebody to feel ashamed or socially uncomfortable 2. ______________ to hit one’s foot against something and start to fall 3. ______________ to say quickly in an annoyed or angry way 4. ______________ to walk unhurriedly for pleasure 5. ______________ to consider; to estimate stumble snap saunter figure

  43. Exercise III ◇ Exercise III Unit 10 Air Travel 6. __________ an evil plan 7. __________ reward for goodness, punishment for evil; fairness 8. __________ damage to the inside of the stomach 9. __________ a coward 10. __________ courage conspiracy justice ulcer wimp guts

  44. Exercise IV ◇ Exercise IV Unit 10 Air Travel IV. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. Make changes where necessary. out of breath on top of be about to have the guts make a fuss in advance make it to the bone argue over show up • I said I might be late for dinner but he ____________ about it, so that I thought I’d better arrive on time. • He tried numerous times to find a better job and at last he _______. • She ____________ leave when Mark arrived so she stayed a little longer. • He arrived in my office in less than two minutes, panting and _____________. made a fuss made it was about to out of breath

  45. Exercise IV ◇ Exercise IV Unit 10 Air Travel to show up 5. She failed __________ for the meeting because she missed her train. 6. The weight of the air _________ the paper held it down with so much pressure that the stick broke. 7. I waited for the bus for so long that I was frozen _________________________________ when it arrived. 8. The child is warned __________ about those behaviours that are considered inappropriate. 9. No one ____________ to tell Paul what a mistake he was making. 10. After dinner, the couple spent nearly one hour ____________ the reeducation of laid off workers. on top of to the bone (= all the way through) in advance had the guts arguing over

  46. Exercise V ◇ Exercise V Unit 10 Air Travel V. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the underlined words with appropriate words or phrases from the text. 1. Mrs. Baker required the new tenant to pay his first two months’ rent ahead of time. ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Things are looking bad; we might have to pay for the last time and then dismiss more workers. ___________________________________________________ 3. Don’t lose heart! Keep trying and you will succeed. ___________________________________________________ Mrs. Baker required the new tenant to pay his first two months rent in advance. Things are looking bad; we might have to pay off more workers. Don’t lose heart! Keep trying and you will make it.

  47. Exercise V ◇ Exercise V Unit 10 Air Travel 4. Aunt Lucy always gets over-excited about small matters. _________________________________________________ 5. The porter put the trunk down and stood there with a meaningful smile, which reminded me that I should pay and dismiss him first. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. I ran as fast as I could, reaching my office quite breathless. _________________________________________________ Aunt Lucy always makes a fuss of small matters. The porter put the trunk down and stood there with a meaningful smile, which reminded me that I should pay him off first. I ran as fast as I could, reaching my office quite out of breath.

  48. Exercise VI ◇ Exercise VI Unit 10 Air Travel VI. Word study: For each of the following clues, use the given prompts to produce sentences in the same way as shown in the model. 1 Prompt: most/us/suffer (v.)/consequence/stupid/decision/take/others Model: Most of us have suffered the consequences of stupid decisions taken by others. a. rock-star / say / suffer (v.) / lung / cancer b. small / business / suffer( v.) / much / financial / loss / recession c. no / doubt / war / cause / widespread / devastation / human / suffer (n. ) Key: a. The rock-star is said to be suffering from lung cancer. b. Small businesses have suffered much financial loss during the recession. c. There is no doubt that the war will cause widespread devastation and human suffering.

  49. Exercise VI ◇ Exercise VI Unit 10 Air Travel 2. Prompt: they/aware (a. )/danger/they/go to/face Model: They are aware of the danger they are going to face. a. night / soldiers / enjoy oneself / grand / reception / not / aware (a. ) / oncoming / danger / war b. health / officials / try / raise / aware (n. ) / AIDS c. Helen / not / still / aware (a. ) / smoke / great / harm / new / baby Key: a. That night, the soldiers were enjoying themselves at a grand reception, not being aware of the oncoming danger of the war. b. Health officials have tried to raise awareness (=improve people’s knowledge) about AIDS. c. Helen is still not aware that smoking is doing great harm to her new baby.

  50. Exercise VI ◇ Exercise VI Unit 10 Air Travel 3. Prompt: she/real/miss (v. )/boyfriend/he/go/away Model: She really missed her boyfriend when he went away. a. I / not / want / miss (v. ) / chance / talk / famous / pop / singer / tonight b. we / miss (v. ) / watch / last / football / game / season / business / trip c. when / you / realize / money / miss (a. ) / your / account? Key: a. I don’t want to miss the chance of talking to that famous pop singer tonight. b. We missed watching the last football game of this season owing to/because of the business trip. c. When did you realize the money was missing from your account?

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