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THE TEN GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH MODULE #1

Missouri Association of Local Boards of Health (MALBOH) Presents. THE TEN GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH MODULE #1. TEN GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH (WHY WE DO THE THINGS WE DO)! Modules developed by Ross McKinstry , MPH; Sheila Guice , MPH; and Mahree Skala , MA.

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THE TEN GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH MODULE #1

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  1. Missouri Association of Local Boards of Health (MALBOH) Presents THE TEN GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUBLIC HEALTHMODULE #1

  2. TEN GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS OF PUBLIC HEALTH (WHY WE DO THE THINGS WE DO)! Modules developed by Ross McKinstry, MPH; Sheila Guice, MPH; and MahreeSkala, MA

  3. MODULE #1 • INTRODUCTION—What is Public Health? • OVERVIEW OF 10 GREAT ACHIEVEMENTS • ACHIEVEMENT #1: VACCINATION

  4. Vaccination Motor Vehicle Safety Safer Workplaces Control of Infectious Diseases Decline in Deaths from Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Safer and Healthier Foods Healthier Mothers and Babies Family Planning Fluoridation of Drinking Water Recognition of Tobacco Use as a Health Hazard Ten Greatest Public Health Achievements United States, 1901-2000

  5. Vaccine-Preventable Diseases Prevention and Control of Infectious diseases Tobacco Control Maternal and Infant Health Motor Vehicle Safety Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Occupational Safety Cancer Prevention Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Public Health Preparedness and Response Ten Greatest Public Health Achievements United States, 2001-2010

  6. What Is Public Health? Prevent Promote Protect

  7. Is public health just for those who fall through the cracks..?

  8. CONFUSION OF PH AND MEDICAL CARE • Medical care typically treats illnesses after someone is sick. • Public Health attempts to prevent the illness in the first place. • Upstream versus Downstream

  9. Herd (Population) Health

  10. Public Health Mission To Fulfill Society’s Interest In Assuring Conditions In Which People Can Be Healthy

  11. Public Health is…… • For everyone…every day! • Public Health makes good fiscal sense because it is cheaper to prevent health problems than to fix them after the fact. • Example: Flu shots….a $20 shot could save thousands of dollars at the hospital, and there are numerous examples of this type of savings. Dental sealants, clean water, safe food…..

  12. School Dental Check-ups

  13. Progress During the 20th Century • What was the average life expectancy in the U.S. in 1900? • 47.3 years old • What was the average life expectancy in 2000? • 76.8 years old

  14. At The Turn Of The 20th Century in the US—In 1900: • There were 8,000 cars in the US and 144 miles of paved road • Maximum speed limit was 10 mph in most cities • 14% of the households had a bathtub • 8% of the households had a telephone • 90% of all US physicians had no college education • 95% of all births were home births • The average wage earner: • earned 22 cents per hour • averaged $200-$400 per year

  15. In 1900... • The American flag had 45 stars • Insulin & antibiotics had not yet been discovered • One in 10 adults could not read or write • Only 6% of Americans graduated from high school • Marijuana, heroin & morphine were over-the-counter drugs. Coca-cola contained cocaine.

  16. In 1900... • Five leading causes of death (in order) • Pneumonia & Influenza • Tuberculosis • Diarrhea • Heart Disease • Stroke

  17. During the 20th Century.. • The health and life expectancy of US citizens improved drastically • Since 1900 the average lifespan increased by more than 30 years. • 25 of those added years can be attributed to the efforts of Public Health

  18. ACHIEVEMENT #1Vaccinations

  19. Vaccine-Preventable Diseases • 1900 - 21,064 cases of Smallpox • 894 patients died • 1920 - 147,991 cases of Diphtheria • 13,170 patients died • 1920 - 469,924 cases of Measles • 7,575 patients died • 1922 - 107,473 cases of Pertussis (Whooping Cough) • 5,099 patients died.

  20. Today • Vaccine-Preventable Diseases at record low levels in the United States • Smallpox Eradicated • Polio Has Been Eliminated In The Americas • WHO (World Health Organization) Seeks Total Elimination of Polio in 2015

  21. Today • Improvement in pneumococcal disease • Varicella vaccine cut chickenpox incidence and deaths • Hepatitis A has declined drastically

  22. Vaccination - Challenges • New & existing vaccine supplies & financing must be more secure. • Parents need to understand the importance. • We need to reach out to immunize children, especially those under 2! • Missouri has ranked near the bottom in recent surveys of 2-year-old immunization rates

  23. Policy Issue: Immunization requirements are important • Recently, attempts have been made to take away the state’s authority to require immunizations for child care and school attendance. • Immunization requirements have been the driving force behind the reduction in diseases. • All major medical organizations support the requirements.

  24. References • Ten Great Achievements of Public Health in the 20th Century Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report April 2, 1999 / 48 (12);241-243 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056796.htm • Update, May 20, 2011 / 60(19);619-623 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6019a5.htm

  25. Thanks! Questions

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