How does food give us energy?

1. How does food give us energy? By Wolvercote Primary School Year 5 and 6 science club

2. What do all these food amounts have in common?

3. Answer • These foods all have 200 calories in them. Calories are how we measure how much energy a food gives when you eat it. You do this by burning the food in your body. You would get the same amount of calories eating all that kiwi fruit or a small lump of butter!

4. Calorimeter Experiment How do we find out how much energy there is in food?

5. Our calorimeter • We made our own calorimeter, a device that measures how many calories there are in different foods. Here is a picture of our calorimeter.

6. Our Calorimeter • Here is a diagram of our calorimeter. The heat from the burning food will change the temperature of the water, and then we can see how many calories there are in the foods using the evil calculations coming up.

7. Ginger Biscuit • First of all we tried to burn a ginger biscuit. This was very hard to burn because the match kept on going out when it got near the biscuit. But, finally we got it burning and the water changed by 400c.

8. Quaver • When we burned the quaver, it was way easier than the ginger biscuit but it still took 3 times to set it light. When we did, it burned really well! The temperature changed by 22o c.

9. Peanut • We also burnt a peanut. This was really hard because the peanut didn’t seem to want to stay on the wire! But eventually we managed to get the peanut on and it set off a huge flame, and the water changed by 27oc.

10. Fails • We also tried to burn butter, and it easily got onto the stick, but as soon as it touched the flame from the match, it started melting and our results were a pile of melted butter. We’re glad it’s not up to us to measure the calories of the foods that go into shops! • As you will find out in the next slideshow, our results were very, very wrong.

11. Calculations (Evil ones)

12. Calorimeter Calculations After burning the foods on the calorimeter and gathering our results, we started on the calculations. These helped us to find out how much energy the foods gave us. Peanut: M=60g C DT=27oC We put the results through this horrible equation: After a LOT of thinking... We ended up with this: Our results for the peanut was.... 249.2 kcal per 100g. In the next slide we will show you how wrong our results were... cal = mcDT

13. The “Real” Results Our Results Ginger biscuit: 450 kcal per 100g Peanut: 249.2 kcal per 100g INCORRECT Ginger biscuit: 4 kcal per 100g Peanut: 622 kcal per 100g Quavers: 515 kcal per 100g Quavers: 184 kcal per 100g Oat cake: 90 kcal per 100g Oat cake: 418 kcal per 100g

14. Can you tell why we were slightly embarrassed!? UH-OH?

15. Ok, we got it a little bit wrong. After that minor setback we began to ask ourselves a question: A child’s GDA (The number of calories a child should have in a day) is 1800 kcal. Why can’t you just live on quavers which only have 88kcal per packet?

16. Food groups How do different foods help our bodies?

17. Bob fighting germs and bacteria with cucumber. Vitamins and Minerals Vitamins and minerals are found in fruit and vegetables, and sometimes in meat. They are very good for you and help to stop diseases. Evil germs and bacteria being defeated. Cucumber full of vitamins and minerals.

18. Proteins Did you know that proteins can come in most meat! Proteins can be found in tissue (they are muscles). You can get proteins in these foods such as: chicken, fish, nuts and butter. Proteins are made out of Amino acids. Proteins are body building foods. Proteins can be found in dairy products. Egg white is nearly all protein and water. Proteins repair your body. It would be bad for us if we did not eat proteins. If you don’t eat protein you might get ill like Bill.

19. DID YOU KNOW... Soap is made of fat! Fats Too much fat = very bad! Smaller amounts = very good! You can find fat in milk, yogurt, biscuits, butter, and lots more. Fats give us certain chemicals which we need, but too much fat can cause heart disease. They give us energy to move.

20. Carbohydrate=Energy. Energy=You can work like a car with petrol. Sugar=Energy...but not for long. Starch=Lonnnnng DID YOU KNOW? It would be almost impossible to go through a day without any carbohydrate. Rice, pasta, spaghetti, cereal, potatoes, bread = Carbohydrate! Carbohydrates(sugars and starches) VROOM, VROOM For a long time. = 2 minutes later... =

21. Fibre Fibre helps you go to the toilet. Coconuts are covered in it. Cereal is also high in fibre. Fruit has some fibre in too.

22. Interview with an athlete What foods do athletes need to eat?

23. Our Interview with Noe Orozco We interviewed Noe Orozco to find out the diet of a tri-athlete. Noe is an amateur tri-athlete. A Triathlon consists of running, swimming AND cycling! Here are some of the key findings from our interview. Noe Orozoco!

24. If he trains in a hot day: when he swims he doesn’t drink anything during the swim, when he runs for a hour he has a medium bottle of water and when he cycles for let’s say three or four hours, he drinks a bottle of water and another bottle of energy drink like Gatorade. • When he doesn’t train and only uses his bike to do everyday activities, he burns around 2,700 calories but in a long training day for example 4 hour in the bike and right after 2 hours more of running in a spring day that would be around 4,200 Cal. That’s ALOT of calories!

25. In a normal spring day of no training day he drinks water and diluted fruit juices and cordials, maybe 5 litres of liquids in total. He doesn’t drink either coffee or tea, because his body doesn’t like them. That's 5 whole Apple Juice Cartons!!!! Now Noe is a tri-athlete, he eats more nuts (all the different types), more salt, much more water, carbohydrates, more fruits and more good fats. Noe eats a lot of snacks, because his body type burns food very quickly and his training needs lots of energy so he can be the fastest he can! Usually he has apple, bananas, dates, cashew nuts, almonds, or peanut bars. Yummy! Fruit! Pasta, rich in Carbohydrates. Water! Hazelnuts! Salt! Peanut Bar!

26. Athletes’ diet quiz What should an athlete eat: will it be Quavers?

27. Have you been watching carefully? Test yourself on these challenging questions.

28. Which Breakfast is the best for a sports person A, B, C? Press space to see the answer. A B C Muesli Full English Breakfast. Pancakes.

29. Which Lunch is the best for a sports person A, B, C? Press space to see the answer. A B C . Cheese sandwich with salad Chicken sandwich with mayonnaise MC Donald's

30. Which Dinner is the best for a sports person A, B, C? Press space to see the answer. A B C Sunday roast Pasta with cheese Fish and chips

31. We hope you enjoyed our slide show and learned something new. Thank you for watching!

32. Wolvercote Primary School Year 5/6 Science club Daniel Oosthuizen, Ilana Cope, Laura Goddard, LotteRee, Eleanor Ivimey-Parr, Zulfi Heydon, MuhaKarliyev, Ben Cornell, Isobel Robertson, May Rainbird, Chelsea Hsaio, Chih-Fang Hsu