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A word about ….

A word about …. Single Replacement Reactions. A + BX  AX + B Element + Compound  New Element + New Compound. Single Replacement Rxns. 2 Li(s) + 2 H 2 O(l)  2 LiOH(aq) + H 2 (g). Type #1:metal replaces a hydrogen in water molecule. Single Replacement Rxns.

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A word about ….

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  1. A word about ….

  2. Single Replacement Reactions A + BX  AX + B Element + Compound  New Element + New Compound

  3. Single Replacement Rxns 2 Li(s) + 2 H2O(l)  2 LiOH(aq) + H2(g) Type #1:metal replaces a hydrogen in water molecule

  4. Single Replacement Rxns Type #2: one metal replaces another metal in a compound Cu(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq)  2 Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)

  5. Single Replacement Reactions Metals have different reactivities must predict if given metal and given compound will react or not

  6. Single Replacement Rxns • Table J is an activity series • more reactive a metal is, the easier it loses its valence electrons • most active metal at top • least active metal at bottom • use Table J to determine if reaction will occur

  7. Single Replacement Rxns rule: metal CAN replace any metal listed BELOW itself on table J - CANNOT replace metal listed above itself on table J

  8. Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)  ? • What is the metal and the metal cation it wants to replace? Ag and Cu+2 • Locate Ag and Cu on Table J • Ag below Cu so reaction will NOT go • Ag is less reactive than Cu

  9. Cu(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq)  ? • What is the metal and the metal cation? Cu and Ag+1 Locate Cu and Ag in Table J • Cu is above Ag • Cu more reactive than Ag so reaction WILL go  2 Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq)

  10. Single Replacement Reactions Type #3: nonmetal replaces another nonmetal in compound • Nonmetal often is halogen • Halogens have different reactivities (Table J) • Most active halogen = F (top) • Least active halogen = I (bottom)

  11. This reaction occurs because F2 is above Br2 Single Replacement Reactions rule: more active halogen replaces less active halogen in compound in aqueous solution F2(g) + 2 NaBr(aq)  2 NaF(aq) + Br2(l)

  12. NR Single Replacement Reaction Br2(g) + 2 NaF(aq)  ? Br2 below F2 in Table J - reaction does NOT occur

  13. KCl(aq) + Zn(s) <not balanced> No No AlCl3(aq) + Sn(s) <not balanced> No Ti(NO3)2(aq) + Pb(s) No CaF2(aq) + I2(g) Use Table J to predict if these reactions occur • K(s) + ZnCl2(aq)  • Fe(s) + Na3PO4(aq)  • Cu(s) + Mg(NO3)2(aq)  • Al(s) + SnCl2(aq)  • Ca(s) + KBr(aq)  • Ti(s) + Pb(NO3)2(aq)  • Cl2(g) + HF(aq)  • F2(g) + CaI2(aq) 

  14. Determining if a compound is soluble (aq) or NOT • LOOK AT TABLE F • LiOH • Cu(NO3)2 • AgCl2 • MgS • NaS2 • KOH • aq • aq • insoluble = precipitate = s • insoluble = precipitate = s • aq • aq

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