The Geography of India

1. The Geography of India

3. Bhutan Bangladesh Pakistan Nepal India Maldives Sri Lanka (SOL) Afghanistan

4. Physical Characteristics Mountains influence the region population settlement patterns ability of people to move climate

5. Mountains Himalayas Western and Eastern Ghats

6. Himalayas

7. Varied climate regions--ranging from tropical wet to humid continental Many natural hazards--monsoons, cyclones, and earthquakes

8. Monsoon--a seasonal shift in the prevailing winds that influences large climate regions Cyclone--a destructive tropical storm similar to a hurricane

9. Influence of water--(rivers, seas, and ocean currents) on agriculture, trade, and transportation

10. Important bodies of water--Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean, Bay of Bengal, Ganges River, Indus River, Brahmaputra River

11. Agricultural advancements and technology are enabling greater food production-- “Green Revolution” Environmental degradation deforestation fishing is important

12. Cultural Characteristics Areas of extremely dense and sparse population severe contrast between rural and urban areas serious religious conflicts--primarily between Hindus and Muslims

13. Three world religions began in South Asia: • Hinduism • Buddhism • Sikhism

14. Roots of Hinduism • 1500 B.C.E Aryans invaded from central Asia • The Aryans brought with them the idea of a caste system.

15. Caste system is a rigid class system. A person cannot move between castes or classes. (remember jati) Believe in reincarnation Sacred writing of the Hindus are the Vedas

16. TheGanges River is sacred to the Hindus. • Highly polluted • Bathe in the river to purify themselves

17. Buddhism founded about the same time as Hinduism. Founder Siddhartha Gautama Leader today is theDalai Lama Buddhist believe in reincarnation. People reach the state ofNirvana

18. During the late 1800s Indians developed a strong sense of nationalism. Many Indians were educated in Europe.

19. One of those people was Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi. He led non violent resistance against England.

21. 1946 England agreed to give India its independence if they could agree on a government.

22. Conflict grew in India between the Muslims and the Hindus

23. The only solution was to partition or divide India into Pakistan and India. The Hindus occupied India and the Muslims occupied Pakistan

24. Later conflicts developed between East and West Pakistan The country of Bangladesh (formerly East Pakistan) was created in 1971

25. Within the past few years, Pakistan and India have tested nuclear weapons. They are in conflict of a portion India known as Kashmir.

27. TajMahal Located in Agra, India, not far from New Delhi Built by a Muslim emperor in the 17th century as a mausoleum for his wife Fell into disrepair when Muslim empire collapsed and Hindus took over Recently restored to former glory; now a symbol of national pride; major tourist site

28. New Delhi, India

29. New Delhi, India • Capital of India; not far from the Taj Mahal

31. Cottage industries – businesses run from homes, typically making cloth or jewelry Jute – strong fiber used in string, cloth, and rope

32. Drawing Connections pt. 3 • Using your notes from yesterday, draw 5 pictures relating to current problems/interesting concepts in South Asia • Make sure to make connections between these problems and the culture + land • Turn it in when you are done