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US Solid Target Program Neutrino Factory/Neutrino Super Beam

US Solid Target Program Neutrino Factory/Neutrino Super Beam. H. Kirk, H. Ludewig, PT. Trung ( BNL ) K. McDonald, Princeton U. J. Sheppard, SLAC K. Yoshimura, KEK. N. Simos , BNL. What are we after?. High Intensity/High Power Targets Low Z or high Z

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US Solid Target Program Neutrino Factory/Neutrino Super Beam

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  1. US Solid Target ProgramNeutrino Factory/Neutrino Super Beam • H. Kirk, H. Ludewig, PT. Trung (BNL) • K. McDonald, Princeton U. • J. Sheppard, SLAC • K. Yoshimura, KEK N. Simos, BNL NuFact 2005

  2. What are we after? • High Intensity/High Power Targets • Low Z or high Z • Alloys, composites, “smart” materials • Stationary solid, granular, rotating • Scrutiny of attractive candidates for irradiation damage • Driving target scenarios to their limit through simulations – Use experimental data to back-feed the simulations. NuFact 2005

  3. Neutrino Super Beam Target Insulator Solid CC target He IN NuFact 2005

  4. Neutrino Super Beam Target Option II: Hollow CC target with He return CC target Horn He OUT He IN Insulator NuFact 2005

  5. Rotating Band (Muon Collider) NuFact 2005

  6. SOLID TARGET MATERIAL STUDIES Carbon-Carbon Composite in Target Assembly PHASE I: Study of Carbon Carbon vs. Graphite under 24 GeV, intense AGS Beam – Shock Response Irradiation Damage Assessment of Super Invar and Inconel 718 PHASE II: Irradiation Damage Assessment of a host of attractive candidates. Re-assessment of Super Invar Nickel-plated aluminum in target assembly (goal is to find out how irradiation affects bonding) Material Matrix of PHASE II Study at BNL • Carbon-Carbon Composite (BNL) • Toyota “Gum Metal” (KEK) • Graphite (IG-43) (KEK) • AlBeMet (BNL) • Beryllium (BNL) • Ti Alloy (6Al-4V) (SLAC) • Vascomax (BNL) • Nickel-Plated Alum. (BNL-FNAL-KEK) BEAM PARAMETERS 200 MeV protons; ~ 70 μA Spot size FWHM ~ 14 mm BEAM NuFact 2005 Complex assembly of target materials

  7. Irradiation Set-up NuFact 2005

  8. WHY DO WE WANT TO DO THESE TESTS? IRRADIATION EFFECTS ON GRAPHITE Irradiation has a profound effect on thermal conductivity/diffusivity. Does Carbon-Carbon hold its advantage over Graphite other than responding better to shock ? Non-irradiated HORN material HORN material AFTER irradiation Is Gum metal the answer to all our issues? How do its superb properties hold up under irradiation? Is nickel-plating the way to prolong life of HORN? Jury is still out BUT preliminary assessment not favorable NuFact 2005

  9. Temp. % elongation 23 o C 0% 200 o C -0.023% 400o C -0.028% 600o C -0.020% 800o C 0% 1000o C 0.040% 1200o C 0.084% 1600o C 0.190% 2000o C 0.310% 2300o C 0.405% What Are We Learning About CC Composite? Experiment Manufacturer’s DATA NuFact 2005

  10. How much irradiation damage do we induce ? NuFact 2005

  11. Super Invar re-assessment NuFact 2005

  12. GUM Metal Strengthens but clearly looses “non-linear elasticity”, “super-ductility” Note that irradiation damage of only 0.25 dpa is enough to make the material totally brittle Irradiation effects on its thermal expansion properties are being assessed NuFact 2005

  13. NuFact 2005

  14. How reliable are simulations and can we trust them to assess the limits of the target materials ? HADRON CALCULATIONS BENCHMARKING NuFact 2005

  15. Beam Window Experiment (E951) Experimental Strain Data vs. Simulation NuFact 2005

  16. PATH FORWARD • Focus on Carbon Composite • Complete the irradiation damage assessment of a 2-D weave Carbon-Carbon composite (currently under irradiation at BNL). Compare it with the 3-D CC composite. • Continue the simulations performed with the specialized, non-linear code LS-DYNA that allows special modeling of composites such as CC (special license for the benchmarked material has been requested to be integrated with LS-DYNA) • Benchmark the E951 CC target results with the simulation model • Use the simulation model to drive the target to its limit (thus get a feel as to how high in power can we go with CC composites) • Explore the benefits of customization of the fiber arrangement in the composite (presence of weak planes, conductivity enhancement, etc.) NuFact 2005

  17. Planned Experimental Target Activities • Graphite and Carbon-Carbon to be tested to cycles up to 1100 C • in vacuum • with forced helium • Thermal diffusivity assessment of irradiated material matrix • Damage assessment due defect generation/growth on the irradiated specimens using ultrasonic techniques (more of an issue in graphite & CC) • Material resilience to shock: Use of a high power, focused laser beam • Expose/irradiate solid targets to much higher energies. P-bar target area at FNAL is being assessed. This will shed light in the possible difference of induced irradiation damage NuFact 2005

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