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The Rise of Islam

The Rise of Islam. The Crescent moon had become a symbol for Islam. It is associated with the new moon that begins each month with the Islamic Lunar Calendar. Geography Arabian Peninsula. Hot, dry, west-coast – mountains, desert conditions.

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The Rise of Islam

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  1. The Rise of Islam

  2. The Crescent moon had become a symbol for Islam. It is associated with the new moon that begins each month with the Islamic Lunar Calendar

  3. GeographyArabian Peninsula • Hot, dry, west-coast – mountains, desert conditions. • How would it affect the development of society, trade, economics and culture?

  4. Most settlements were on the coast. • Trade by boats • Probably wouldn’t go through peninsula, there’s nothing there!

  5. Oasis – small strip of fertile land in the desert Water was a luxury!!

  6. Bedouins • Early people living on the Arabian Peninsula • Desert nomads who were organized by tribes and clans (kin- related clans)

  7. Shaykhs – leader of a Bedouin Tribe • Free warriors - carried out dictates of Shaykhs; families made up majority of clan

  8. Slave Families – remnants of rival clans defeated in war • Clans constantly fought each other over water, honor, etc.

  9. Mecca • Important stop along the trade routes • Location of Ka’aba • Founded by Umayyad clan of the Ouraysh tribe house of worship

  10. Ka’aba • House of worship • Clans would call a truce (no fighting) • Religious shrine of 360 idols – Allah was referred by some as supreme god.

  11. Culture • Poetry – oral tradition • Role of women – enjoyed greater freedom and higher status • Religion – blend of animism/polytheism (little to do with ethics)

  12. Muhammad (570-632) • Born into merchant family in Mecca • Orphaned • Married a wealthy widow

  13. Meditated on wealthy and poor • Revelations became his teachings VS.

  14. Quran – holy book • Converted people; wife was 1st convert. (slow start) • 622CE Moved to Medina – “city of the prophet” This journey came to be known as the Hijrah

  15. 630 – Muhammad returns to Mecca with his followers and destroys all of the gods in the Ka’aba

  16. Madinahs and Bedouins = first community of Muslims • Military = conquered neighbors

  17. The Teachings of Muhammad • Monotheistic • Allah – supreme creator • Provided hope for afterlife • Muhammad is not divine (as Jesus is)

  18. To follow Allah’s will, you must follow the 5 pillars of Islam. • What are they? • Islam is a way of life – shari’ah – set of practical laws for daily life

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