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Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Aromatic Hydrocarbons. C 6 H 6. Aromatic compounds contain a benzene ring(C 6 H 6 ) It is a very stable structure that is very hard to break. The most common reaction it undergoes is a substitution reaction. The hydrogens are switched for other substituents.

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Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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  1. Aromatic Hydrocarbons

  2. C6H6 • Aromatic compounds contain a benzene ring(C6H6) • It is a very stable structure that is very hard to break. • The most common reaction it undergoes is a substitution reaction. The hydrogens are switched for other substituents.

  3. All benzene bonds between carbons in the ring are “a bond and a half”. Double bonds are very reactive. They will gladly accept another bond because they are unsaturated. For this reason, it is like there are no double bonds.   Resonance

  4. Benzene is a chemical that is a colorless or light yellow liquid at room temperature. • It has a sweet odor and is highly flammable. • Benzene evaporates into the air very quickly. • It is heavier than air. • Natural sources of benzene include volcanoes and forest fires. • Benzene is also a natural part of crude oil, gasoline, and cigarette smoke.

  5. Industries use benzene to make other chemicals, plastics, resins, nylon, synthetic fibers, lubricants, rubbers, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. • Benzene is damaging to our circulatory system, particularly the blood. • Benzene causes cancer in humans.

  6. CH3 CH3 1,2-dimethylbenzene Orthodimethylbenzene O-dimethylbenzene We draw it like this. CH3 CH3 1,3-dimethylbenzene Metadimethylbenzene M-dimethylbenzene 1,4-dimethylbenzene Paradimethylbenzene P-dimethylbenzene CH3 CH3 Cl Cl 1,2-dichloro-4-methylbenzene 1,2,3-trichloro-5-ethyl-4-methylbenzene Cl Cl CH3CH2 Cl CH3 CH3

  7. Other forms of Benzene Rings

  8. Sometimes a benzene is a substituent • It is then called a phenyl. • 3-ethyl-2,3-diphenyl pentane • 3,3,4,4 tetrabromo-5,5-diphenyl-1-hexene

  9. Naphthalene has two rings How many hydrogen in this compound? Draw it. If every carbon has 4 bonds, each carbon has one double bond. The formula is C10H8 .l .

  10. The numbering system works like this: Notice the carbons in the centre are not numbered. Why?

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