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GRAVITY | GRAVITATION EXPLAINED IN HINDI | STATE BOARD CLASS 10

First chapter of Science Part 1 "GRAVITATION" is explained, along with MARVEL's Graviton.

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GRAVITY | GRAVITATION EXPLAINED IN HINDI | STATE BOARD CLASS 10

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Presentation Transcript

  1. GRAVITATION

  2. What is gravitation ? • Gravitational force is a universal force and it acts not only between two objects on the earth but also between any two objects in the universe. • Gravitation is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another.

  3. Law of gravitation • Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. • F=G m1m2/d2

  4. GRAVITONS • Basic particles of Gravity. • Yet to be discovered • In theories of quantum gravity, the graviton is the hypothetical quantum of gravity, an elementary particle that mediates the force of gravity.

  5. Circular motion & centripetal force

  6. KEPLER’S LAW • The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the foci. • The line joining the planet and the Sun sweeps equal areas in equal intervals of time. • The square of its period of revolution around the Sun is directly proportional to the cube of the semi major axis of a planet from the Sun.

  7. 1ST LAW

  8. 2ND LAW

  9. 3RD LAW

  10. Earth’s gravitational acceleration • Standard value is 9.807 m/s2 • Change along the surface of Earth. • Change along variation in height. • Change along depth. • g=GM/r2

  11. MASS VS WEIGHT MASS WEIGHT The force with which the earth attracts the object. Value changes with respect to place on Earth. (F=W=ma=mg). It is a vector quantity directed towards the centre if Earth. • Amount of matter present in the object. • Value is same everywhere. • It is a scalar quantity.

  12. Free fall • When an object moves under the influence of the force of gravity alone, it is said to be falling freely. • But its not a true free fall, since motion is opposed by friction with air. • Terminal velocity.

  13. Gravitational potential • The energy stored in an object because of its position or state is called potential energy. • For an object of mass m, at a height h from the ground is mgh and on the ground it is zero. • For large value of h, value of g decreases with increase in h. • Gravitational potential energy is given by “-GMm/(R=h)

  14. Escape velocity • Escape velocity is the minimum speed needed for a free object to escape from the gravitational influence of a massive body.

  15. Thank you

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