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POETRY. PART 1. Poetry and music. In the beginning, poetry was recited or sung while strumming a lyre A lyre was an instrument like a small harp that a person could hold in their arms. Reciting poetry to music helped poets memorize epic (long) poems. Alkman.
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POETRY PART 1
Poetry and music In the beginning, poetry was recited or sung while strumming a lyre A lyre was an instrument like a small harp that a person could hold in their arms. Reciting poetry to music helped poets memorize epic (long) poems
Alkman Alkman lived in the Greek city-state of Sparta in the 7th century. His is the first known poetry to be written down apart from music
Alkman Alkman’s poetry is full of nature imagery and specific detail Often dealt with military courage and graphic depictions of war.
Alkman Asleep in the mountains are the peaks and gullies, the slopes and ravines. Asleep the crawling creatures of dark earth, mountain-laired beasts, the tribe of bees, and the monsters in the depths of the purple sea. Asleep the flocks of broad-winged birds.
Other early poets Sappho: born between 630 and 612 BCE most poems centered on passion and love exiled to Sicily clarity of language and simplicity of thought characterized her poetry Homer: lived in the 7th or 8th century BCE greatest of Greek epic poets authored The Illiadand The Odyssey
Samples Iridescent-throned Aphrodite, deathless Child of Zeus, wile-weaver, I now implore you, Don't--I beg you, Lady--with pains and torments Crush down my spirit, But before if ever you've heard my pleadings Then return, as once when you left your father's Golden house; you yoked to your shining car your Wing-whirring sparrows; Skimming down the paths of the sky's bright ether On they brought you over the earth's black bosom, Swiftly--then you stood with a sudden brilliance, Goddess, before me; Homer: The Odyssey Sappho: Hymn to Aphrodite Tell me, O muse, of that ingenious hero who travelled far and wide after he had sacked the famous town of Troy. Many cities did he visit, and many were the nations with whose manners and customs he was acquainted; moreover he suffered much by sea while trying to save his own life and bring his men safely home; but do what he might he could not save his men, for they perished through their own sheer folly in eating the cattle of the Sun-god Hyperion; so the god prevented them from ever reaching home. Tell me, too, about all these things, O daughter of Jove, from whatsoever source you may know them.
Terms stanza: a grouping of two or more lines of verse (like a paragraph in prose writing) rhyme: the repetition of the same sound imagery: a mental picture symbol: a word or image that stands for or represents something else refrain: repetition of one or more phrases or lines in a poem
Other terms metaphor: a comparison of usually unlike objects EX: Melba is a frantic poodle when she dances. simile: a comparison of usually unlike objects using “like” or “as” to say something is similar EX: Melba danced like a frantic poodle. cliché: an overused, worn out word or phrase EX: He was barking up the wrong tree. Mr. Peel is such an awesome teacher.
Techniques: Alliterationrepetition of the first letter or sound in two or more words Lenny licked the lollipop Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers Peel’s purgative pupillary policies
Techniques: Assonancethe repetition of vowel sounds They eat beans mostly, this old yellow pair.Dinner is a casual affair.Plain chipware on a plain and creaking wood, Tin flatware.Two who are Mostly Good.Two who have lived their day,But keep on putting on their clothesAnd putting things away.And remembering . . .Remembering, with twinklings and twinges,As they lean over the beans in their rented back room thatis full of beads and receipts and dolls and cloths,tobacco crumbs, vases and fringes. Gwendolyn Brooks
Techniques: Internal Rhymerhyming that occurs inside of a single line I bring fresh showers for the thirsting flowers, From the seas and the streams; I bear light shade for the leaves when laid In their noon-day dreams. From my wings are shaken the dews that waken The sweet buds every one, When rocked to rest on their mother's breast, As she dances about the Sun. I wield the flail of the lashing hail, And whiten the green plains under, And then again I dissolve it in rain, And laugh as I pass in thunder. Percy B. Shelley: The Cloud
Ways to keep the music in the words: meter syllables: exhaled breaths of sound stressed (strong) syllables: syllables that are emphasized by a heightening of the voice unstressed (weak) syllables: syllables that are not emphasized, or that remain flat. ba NA naBASE ball
Ways to keep the music in the words: meter meter: the arrangement of syllables in a noticeable pattern to give rhythm to the lines Just SIT right BACK and HEAR a TALE, a TALE of a FATEful TRIP That STARTed FROM this TROPic PORT aBOARD this TIny SHIP
Iambic pentameter iambic meter: a pattern of weak syllables followed by strong ones weak STRONG weak STRONG weak STRONG poetic foot: a unit of measurement – one poetic foot is a weak syllable paired with a strong one iambic pentameter: a meter (or rhythm) that is iambic and has five poetic feet per line
Rhyme scheme The dog was blue A The cloud was red B The old man Stu A Bumped his head B The clown is strange C Home on the range C
Assignment Your task: Write six lines of perfect iambic pentameter Be prepared to read one line to the class
