For energy generation, capture storage and transportation

1. Oxide Science Center For energy generation, capture storage and transportation

2. Oxide Science Center Statement of purpose Understanding structure and transport of defectsin oxides and other inorganic solids by modeling, probing, synthesizing and controlling on multiple length scales for optimization in multiple extreme environments and for multiple applications

3. Oxide Science Center Consistent with LANL institutional strategy MTS Lujan center- BES

4. Oxide Science Center Org chart Pi: Modeling

5. Oxide Science Center Experimental, theoretical and computational scope • Superconducting materials • High-temperature nuclear reactors • High-temperature fuel cells • Environments • Extreme temperatures, both hot and cold • Superconducting materials • High-temperature nuclear reactors • High-temperature fuel cells • Extreme irradiation environments • Fast-neutron-spectrum nuclear reactors • Extreme chemical environments • Molten lead alloys • High-temperature fuel cells • Extreme electromagnetic environments • Length (Size) Scales • Nanoscale • Nano-engineered ionic-conduction materials • Thin films • Investigation of strain effects on electromagnetic properties of thin films • Micrometer scale • Engineering of grain boundaries for control of ionic conduction • Application of Modeling and Analysis Tools • Electrochemical atomic force microscopy (AFM) • Modeling of structural trends with changing composition • Neutron diffraction • Molecular vibrational spectroscopy by inelastic neutron scattering • Surface profile analysis reflectometry • Neutron capture • Gamma-ray analysis • Neutron resonance spectroscopy • Impedance spectroscopy • X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy • Uses and Applications of Oxide Materials • Fuel cells • Superconducting materials • Protective oxide scales for prevention of corrosion • Fuels for nuclear reactors • Sensors, such as oxygen sensors • Production and detection of light • ` Extreme Environments Multiple lengthscales Oxide Science Center Modeling Experimental approach Applications: IMPACT

6. Oxide Science Center Extreme Environments • Irradiation environment: • Nuclear fuels and materials being considered for advanced nuclear power reactors • Irradiation of radioisotope targets • Testing electronic components of aviation and space exploration equipment Shock Physics • Extreme Temperatures: • Superconductors • High-Temp Nuclear reactors • High Temperature Fuel cells • High Pressure • Up to 30GPa 2000K • Extreme chemical environments: • High Temp Fuel Cells

7. Oxide Science Center Multiple length scales Measuring and understanding the different length scales involved in a problem with efficient and sophisticated techniques • Micrometer scale: • Engineering grain boundaries for control of ionic conduction • Bubble formation in ErT2 • Thin Films: • Tailoring electric and magnetic properties through substrate induced strain • Thin film vs bulk behavior • Nanoscale: • Nano- engineered ionic conduction materials • Nano vs long range structure in functional, superconducting, fuel cell materials

8. Impedance spectroscopy • Pair distribution function: • Short vs long length scale • Surface profile analysis reflectometry Oxide Science Center Experimental approach Special emphasis in the development of multi • Electro-chemical atomic force microscopy (ECAFM) • Molecular vibrational spectroscopy by inelastic neutron scattering • Neutron capture • Gamma-ray analysis • Neutron resonance spectroscopy • X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy http://www.phy.cmich.edu/people/petkov/nano.html • Neutron diffraction A phase diagram study of the local structure of the colossal magnetoresistant manganite material La1–xCaxMnO3. The color scale is the height of a PDF peak that is sensitive to the presence (blue) or absence (red) of a local Jahn-Teller distortion. The data were collected on the general materials diffractomer at ISIS and NPDF at LANSCE.

9. Oxide Science Center Modelling • Modeling of structural trends with changing composition

10. Superconductors and functional materials Materials for aviation and Space exploration • Fuel cell technology • Structural materials for nuclear reactors • Production and detection of light (Phosphors) • Corrosion mitigation • Nuclear waste treatment Oxide Science Center Applications: IMPACT • Hydrogen storage materials • New fuels for nuclear reactors • Materials for medical, civilian and defense programs: neutron generators

11. Oxide Science Center

12. Oxide Science Center Unique capabilities and strengths @ LANL • MTS (Nuclear Fuel, Irradiation…) • LANSCE: Lujan Center, WNR (extreme environments (P-T-H) and in-situ monitoring) • Fuel Cell technology (as compared to PNNL, ORNL): 20 years of experience in fuel cell research and an international reputation as an innovator of fuel cell innovator • Computing • Chemistry

13. Oxide Science Center Products • Educational Outreach: -Annual summer school (ex: LANSCE annual neutron school) -International conference • Literature Collection and Presentation: -collection/presentation of diffusion coefficients of various elements in oxides • Technique and Tool Development -Developing tools from one environment to use in other environments: a) in-situ neutron scattering monitoring of crystal structure changes during fuel cell operation b) adaptation of oxygen sensors from gaseous environments to liquid-metal environments