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Chapter 4

Installing and Maintaining Hardware in a Linux Environment Part 2. Chapter 4. Overview. Checking and Confirming Hardware Configuration Laptop and Mobile Devices . Checking and Confirming Hardware Configuration. Power Cables.

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Chapter 4

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  1. Installing and Maintaining Hardware in a Linux Environment Part 2 Chapter 4

  2. Overview • Checking and Confirming Hardware Configuration • Laptop and Mobile Devices

  3. Checking and Confirming Hardware Configuration

  4. Power Cables • External Power Cable: the one that connects to the wall outlet. • Internal Power Cables: These cables connect the internal power supply to one of the hardware devices.

  5. Data Cables • Internal Data Cables enable the devices to send data from one device to another. • Usually the cables will extend from a controller card or the motherboard to a disk or tape drive, which stores the data. • The most common form of data cable that is used is ribbon cable.

  6. Data Cables • When installing SCSI devices,keep in mind some of the data cables will not connect to a device at all because there might be more cables than available devices. • External Data Cablesare referred to as the cables that connect the computer to the external devices such as keyboards, mice, monitor, printers, scanners, and network connections.

  7. IRQ, DMA, and I/O Settings • Most hardware, specifically ISA and PCI controller cards, that are inserted into the motherboard use hardware resources located on the motherboard. • These resources are called the Interrupt Request (IRQ), Direct Memory Access Channel (DMA), and the Input/Output (I/O) Port.

  8. EIDE Devices • EIDE devices are usually hard drives, floppy drives, CD-ROMs, and other types of disk and tape drives. • The differences are in the data transfer speeds. • When installing EIDE devices confirm that they are set to the proper Master or Slave setting.

  9. BIOS Settings • The BIOS plays a big role in configuration and installation of hardware. • The BIOS differs from one system to another within the Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS), setup utility. • The CMOS is the memory component of the BIOS were low-level configurations and options for certain hardware are saved so that they can be retrieved every time the system is booted. • It is important to check and confirm that the BIOS settings are configured correctly using the CMOS setup utility.

  10. Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Devices • In some cases EIDE devices can produce very slow data transfer speeds in Linux systems. • One possible reason is the use of wrong drivers. • The hdparm utility can be used to test disk speeds as well as set several options.

  11. Peripheral Devices • Peripheral Devices are devices that connect to the computer through an external or internal port and controlled by the computer. • Some peripheral interfaces are Floppy, Monitor, Keyboard, Mouse, Parallel ports, firewireand USB interface. • When troubleshooting peripheral device, Take the device to a Windows operating system and see if the device will install properly. • If it does not work then the problem could be a bad cable or interface on the device.

  12. Core System Hardware • The core system hardware refers to the RAM, CPU, and motherboard. • If any of these devices are not working properly or are damaged then they entire system may not work. • In a Linux system, some problems associated with core system hardware do not make themselves known until after the system boots up, then An on-screen message will appear which known as kernel “oopses”. • More hardware fails as a result of overheating, so it’s important to check the heatsinks on the hardware

  13. Laptop and Mobile Devices

  14. Power Management • Installing Linux on laptops requires special attention. • Linux was not initially designed to run on a system in which things like power management or swapping PC cards was needed. • The most challenging part of using Linux on a laptop is the installation. • The biggest problem to be concerned with when installing Linux on a laptop is getting the GUI to display properly.

  15. PC Card Devices • A standard for expansion cards that can be easily inserted and removed form the laptop is the PCMCIA card. • The main problem of using PC Cards on a Linux system is that these PC cards are designed to be inserted, or removed at will. • This forces the driver to be mounted and unmounted whenever the card is inserted and removed from the laptop. • The PC card driver package includes the Card Services, which help to smoothly mount and unmount drivers from the kernel in a way that is safe for the system.

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