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Asylum-policies in the EU: Between sovereignty and solidarity. A view from Germany.

Explore the complex challenges of asylum policies in the EU, focusing on the tension between sovereignty and solidarity from the perspective of Germany. Learn about historical experiences, the failure of international cooperation, and the need for responsibility-sharing. Contact: engler@migration-analysis.eu.

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Asylum-policies in the EU: Between sovereignty and solidarity. A view from Germany.

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  1. Asylum-policies in the EU: Between sovereignty and solidarity. A view from Germany. PECSA Roundtable Debate 2018 | 21th May 2018 | Warsaw Panel II: Sovereignty or solidarity? Member States in the face of the migration challenges of European integration Dr. Marcus Engler, Migration Researcher and Consultant engler@migration-analysis.eu

  2. Refugees and IDPs 1997-2016 Source: UNHCR 2017

  3. The protection of Refugees is not a material problem. Source: Hein de Haas 2016

  4. Das große Bild The vast majority of forcibly displaced persons live in poor countries Libanon Irak Quelle: UNHCR 2016 Quelle: UNHCR Global Trends 2014

  5. Summer 2015: What happened? • Complex causalities behind movement • Failure of international & European cooperation • „Blaming Merkel“: strategy of responsibility-shifting

  6. CEAS – Implementation & Conflict • Historical experiences are divers • very unequal numbers of asylum-seekers • Implementation of legal standards vary • Dysfunctional Mechanism for assigning and sharing responsibility („Dublin-System“) • Fierce political conflict since mid-2015

  7. Relocation scheme failed: (approx. 34.000 von 160.000) Source: EU-Commission 2017

  8. Asylum applications in Germany/Share of EU applications

  9. Germany: a highly controversial issue

  10. Majority in favour of more restrictions

  11. Sovereignty and Solidarity • Sovereignty  States can decide unilaterally • (International) Solidarity  responsibility-sharing and cooperation •  EU- level • Global level

  12. International responsibility-sharing and cooperation • Solidarity between states (North and South), (Intra-EU) • Solidarity with persons in need of protection • Common rules: International and European Refugee Law • Financial solidarity/sharing money • “Sharing people” • Practical cooperation/information sharing

  13. International responsibility-sharing and cooperation • Responsibility-sharing is needed in the global (and European) Refugee Protection Regime • Benefits of international cooperation (insurance model) • Risks of non-cooperation  Erosion of the Regime • People dying/suffering • Destabilizing regions • More irregular migration • Radicalization of desperate persons • Can this be achieved on a purely voluntary basis?

  14. Thank you for your attention! Contact: engler@migration-analysis.eu

  15. Migration and Asylum as a highly controversial issue

  16. Migration and Asylum as a highly controversial issue

  17. EU: Harmonisation of asylum policies started in the 1980ies. • 1985 Schengen Agreement • 1990 Dublin Convention • 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam • 2004-2013 CEAS (1st and 2nd phase) • EASO (2010) • ERF (2008-2013) / AMIF (2014-2020)

  18. Common European Asylum System (CEAS) • 2004-2013 CEAS (1st and 2nd phase) • Dublin III Regulation • EURODAC Regulation • Reception Conditions Directive • Qualification Directive • Asylum Procedures Directive • Temporary Protection Directive • Third Phase under negotiation

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