Introduction to the Information Age

1. Introduction to the Information Age MIS 320 Summer 2014 PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

2. A. Game Plan • Background • Past and present • What is an information system? • IS success and failure • Knowledge needed for success • Dimensions of information PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

3. B. Background • Historical periods • Agricultural Age • Industrial Age • Information Age PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

4. 70% 60% % SERVICE 50% % WHITE COLLAR 40% % BLUE COLLAR 30% % FARMING 20% 10% 0% 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1997 YEAR USA: Labor Force Composition 1975 – becomes largest workforce 1981 – surpasses all other groups combined Sources: US Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Laudon and Laudon, 2002, 7th Edition. PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

5. Welcome, Homo conexus* That’s you … Desktops Computers Smart phones Social networking … Pull information in … … Push yourself onto the web … The Young & the Digital are you! * http://www.technologyreview.com/web/17061/ PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

6. B. Background • What is “data”? What is “information”? • Definition of Information: Data that have been organized so that they have meaning and value to the recipient. (Rainer, 3rd edition, p. 29) • Examples ? 3. Who are the “information workers”? • Examples? PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

7. Example: Data vs. Information Source: Coates, Andrew, “Reporting – Converting Data into Information,” www.civilsolutions.com.au PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

8. Example: Data vs. Information How many skis have a friction coefficient > 1.23? How many skis have torsion strength < 2? 1 1 Source: Chapter 2, Succeeding in Business with Microsoft Office Excel 2003, by Gross, Akaiwa, and Nordquist, Course Technology, 2006 PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

9. B. Background 4. Information technology (IT) industry • HW, SW, telecommunications, support • US: One of largest employers (direct & indirect) • Washington state: High employment growth rate • WA’s fastest growing occupations for 2004-2014, Bachelor’s degree or higher • 1) Computer Software Engineers, Applications, 2) Computer Programmers, 3) Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software, 4) Market Research Analysts, 5) Aerospace Engineers Source: State of Washington 2006 WA Labor Market Report (Jan 2007) PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

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11. B. Background (cont.) 5. The situation: Many information workers, Lots of technology, but … Effective systems to support organizations & people (including customers!) arenot always available. Organizations need help!!! PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

12. B. Background (cont.) 6. Objective of MIS function: Plan, Develop, Use & Manage information technology to provide Successful solutions to business problems PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

13. C. What is an “Information System”? 1. Definition of Information System (IS): Combination of HW, SW and telecommunication networks which addresses information-based needs/problems by capturing, creating, conveying, cradling, and/or communicating useful information PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

14. Information System Example: Seattle Mariners WWW Site • Seattle Mariners • Purpose of WWW Site: Stimulate interest in team, sell tickets and merchandise • Database of team statistics, merchandise, tickets • http://seattle.mariners.mlb.com/ PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

15. ? MIS = IS = IT ? IT  Information Technology • Almost interchangeable with IS – perhaps more technical than “IS”, with emphasis on the actual hardware and software. • Technical experts may not understand business end well – but some do. IS  Information Systems • Almost interchangeable with IT – perhaps more conceptual than “IT”, with emphasis on planning, design, development and management methods, etc. MIS  Management Information Systems • An academic field that trains people in both business and IT • MIS grads often coordinate IT/IS projects. They may … • Meet with business managers to learn what they require. • Communicate those requirements to the IT staff • Assist or lead teams to reach the project goals. PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

16. D. IS: Success or Failure? • Good news: 28% of large IS are “successful” (i.e., is on budget, is on time, addresses system goals and is used) • Bad news: 72% of IS are not “successful” • 49% completed late, over budget, and/or missing features • 23% cancelled • Source: SoftwareMag.com (Feb 2001); Survey of 280,000 IS Development Projects PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

17. More Recent Results: 2004 & 2009 Similar stats available more recently at: http://www.cioinsight.com/c/a/IT-Management/Why-IT-Projects-Fail-762340/ http://www1.standishgroup.com/newsroom/chaos_2009.php The Standish Group's just-released report, "CHAOS Summary 2009," "This year's results show a marked decrease in project success rates, with 32% of all projects succeedingwhich are delivered on time, on budget, with required features and functions" says Jim Johnson, chairman of The Standish Group, "44% were challenged which are late, over budget, and/or with less than the required features and functions and 24% failed which are cancelled prior to completion or delivered and never used.“ http://www.infoq.com/articles/Interview-Johnson-Standish-CHAOS PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

18. D. IS: Success or Failure? (cont.) • How to minimize chances of bad news? Recipe for success: Successful IS in business require development team to have a well rounded set of perspectives • Business functions • Technology • People and Organizations • Business objectives/strategies PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

19. D. IS: Success or Failure? (cont.) 6. IT (information technology) people can not achieve success alone • Successful IS in organizations typically requires the efforts of many • e.g., marketing, finance, operations, management, etc. • Whether or not you are in the MIS Department” …. • You will likely play a role in your organization’s IS development/acquisition PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

20. Success Rate is Rising PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

21. E. Dimensions of Information • If “information” is organized, meaningful data with value to the user … what dimensions (aspects) might impact the meaning and value? “Intelligence, as I define it, is getting the right information at the right time at the right place, towards whatever end you are going for.” Lion Kimbro Click PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

22. E. Dimensions of Information • Three key dimensions PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

23. E. Dimensions of Information • Purpose of IS includes: • Get the proper information to the proper people at the proper time, place, and format. • Consider these questions: • Can we get information to the manager (or customer) … • When s/he wants it? • In a form s/he wants? (how is informationpresented/ organized?) • Where s/he wants it? PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

24. Support for Decision Making How to support decision making concerning customers?Conditional formatting skills (Excel lab book) Form: good Place: good? Time: good? Source: Chapter 4, Succeeding in Business with Microsoft Office Excel 2003, by Gross, Akaiwa, and Nordquist, Course Technology, 2006 PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran & Kraig Pencil

25. How is the traffic on the freeway? WA State Dept. of Transportation WA State Dept. of Transportation: Puget Sound Traffic Conditions • WWW-based system • Info provided in many forms • Wireless access (Wireless) PPT Slides by Dr. Craig Tyran

26. Social Networking System (e.g., Facebook) Source: Business Week Online, August 14, 2006; Time Magazine, December 2010.