Solutions of NCERT Science Subject for CBSE Class 10

2.  Carbon and its compounds: An Introduction Carbon is a versatile element that forms the basis for all living organisms and many important things of our use. The symbol of Carbon is C and its atomic number is 6. Organic compounds are the compounds of carbon containing usually hydrogen and one or more additional elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, halogens and phosphorous.  Carbon has the unique ability to form bonds with other atoms of carbon, giving rise to large molecules. Catenation, tetracovalency of carbon and formation of multiple bonds are some unique properties of carbon. Carbon forms covalent bonds with itself and other e elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen and chlorine. Carbon also forms compounds containing double and triple bonds between carbon atoms.  These carbon chains may be in the form of straight chains, branched chains or rings. Hydrocarbons are the compounds of carbon and hydrogen. They are classified as saturated hydrocarbons (Alkanes) unsaturated hydrocarbons (Alkenes & Alkynes). Carbon exists in many allotropic forms which differ in arrangement of atoms. They have different physical properties and identical chemical properties. Diamond, Graphite, Fullerenes are some allotropic forms of carbon. Molecular models are the physical means to have better visualization and perception of 3D shapes of organic compounds.  Carbon and its compounds Ethanoic acid Ethanol and ethanoic acid are carbon compounds of importance in our daily live. The organic compounds containing carboxylic group (–COOH group) are called carboxylic acid. Ethanoic acid is the second member of the homologous series of carboxylic acids. The molecular formula of ethanoic acid is CH3COOH. Ethanoic acid is commonly known as acetic acid. Ethanoic acid is a colorless liquid with characteristic pungent vinegar odour and sour taste. 5-8% solution of acetic acid in water is called vinegar and is used widely as a preservative in pickles.

3.  Extramarks provides the best NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science for all chapters and topics. Science is a subject that requires a rigorous and deep understanding of the topic which could be time-consuming due to the complexity of the topic. NCERT solutions of Science for Class 10 at Extramarks cover all modules with a special focus on important topics. Visit and register at Extramarks site for CBSE science solutions. https://www.extramarks.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class- 10/science-carbon-and-its-compounds

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