1 / 5

Chapter 8 Cell Reproduction

Chapter 8 Cell Reproduction. Objectives: 1. Describe the structure of a chromosome. 2. Compare prokaryotic chromosomes with eukaryotic chromosomes. 3. Explain the differences between sex chromosomes

stefan
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 8 Cell Reproduction

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 8 Cell Reproduction Objectives: 1. Describe the structure of a chromosome. 2. Compare prokaryotic chromosomes with eukaryotic chromosomes. 3. Explain the differences between sex chromosomes and autosomes. 4. Give examples of diploid and haploid cells.

  2. Chromosomes are rod shaped structures made of DNA and proteins.Each half of a chromosome is called a chromatid. Chromatids form as DNA makes a copy of itself before cell division. The constricted area of each chromatid is called a centromere.

  3. Human and animal chromosomes are categorized as either sex chromosomes or autosomes. Sex chromosomes determine the sex of an organism. In humans, sex chromosomes are either X or Y. Normal Females have two X chromosomes. Normal males have an X and a Y Chromosome. All of the other chromosomes are called autosomes. Two of the 46 human chromosomes are sex chromosomes, the other 44 are autosomes.

  4. Every cell of an organism produced by sexual reproduction has two copies of each autosome from each parent. The two copes of each autosomeare called homologous chromosomes or homologues. Karyotype

  5. Cells having two sets of chromosomes are called diploid. Diploid cells have both chromosomes for each homologous pair. Human sperm cells and egg cells are haploid cells. They have half the number of chromosomes that are present In diploid cells.

More Related