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Jeff Hoffman, MS, CCC-A Terry E. Foust, Au.D ., FAAA, CCC-A/SLP

Audiology 101-A: Introduction to audiology for non-audiologists working in and supporting EHDI activities. Jeff Hoffman, MS, CCC-A Terry E. Foust, Au.D ., FAAA, CCC-A/SLP. Disclaimer.

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Jeff Hoffman, MS, CCC-A Terry E. Foust, Au.D ., FAAA, CCC-A/SLP

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  1. Audiology 101-A:Introduction to audiology for non-audiologists working in and supporting EHDI activities Jeff Hoffman, MS, CCC-A Terry E. Foust, Au.D., FAAA, CCC-A/SLP

  2. Disclaimer Terry Foust is a salaried staff employee at Intermountain Healthcare and a consultant with the Early Childhood Hearing Outreach (ECHO) Initiative and National Center for Hearing Assessment and Management (NCHAM) at Utah State University Jeff Hoffman is a salaried staff employee of the Early Childhood Hearing Outreach (ECHO) Initiative and National Center for Hearing Assessment and Management (NCHAM) at Utah State University

  3. Audiology 101 A & B • Identify the parts of the auditory system • Describe how the ear works • Describe the types and degrees of hearing loss • Describe how hearing loss is assessed and diagnosed • Describe the types of treatment and intervention for hearing loss

  4. What are Audiologists? Specialists in Hearing and Balance • Prevention of hearing loss • Identification and assessment of hearing and balance problems • Rehabilitation of persons with hearing and balance disorders

  5. Ear

  6. Parts of the Auditory System • Outer Ear • Middle Ear • Inner Ear • Central Auditory Nervous System

  7. Outer Ear • Pinna • External Auditory Canal (Ear Canal) • Tympanic Membrane (Ear Drum)

  8. Tympanic Membrane (Ear Drum)

  9. Middle Ear Ossicles (bones) Eustachian Tube

  10. Middle Ear Ossicles (bones)

  11. Inner Ear Cochlea Organ of Corti Hair Cells

  12. Organ Of Corti End organ of hearing Fluid movement causes bending of nerve endings Nerve impulses (electrical energy) are generated and sent to the brain (From Augustana College, “Virtual Tour of the Ear”)

  13. Hair Cells Frequency-specific 3 rows of Outer Hair Cells 1 row of Inner Hair Cells

  14. Auditory Nerve and Central Auditory System Auditory Nerve through the Brainstem to the Auditory Cortex

  15. YouTube – How the Auditory System Works

  16. Types of Hearing Loss Unilateral = one ear Bilateral = two ears --------------------------------------------------------------------- Conductive = Outer and/or Middle Ear Sensorineural = Inner Ear/Auditory Nerve Mixed = Outer and/or Middle and Inner Ear Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder and Central Auditory Processing Disorder = Auditory Nerve and Central Auditory System

  17. Permanent Congenital Hearing Loss: CDC HSFS, 2011 Unilateral Hearing Loss – 39%

  18. Permanent Congenital Hearing Loss: CDC HSFS, 2011 Bilateral Hearing Loss – 59%

  19. Permanent Congenital Hearing Loss: CDC HSFS, 2011 Laterality Unknown – 2% ? ?

  20. Permanent Congenital Hearing Loss: CDC HSFS, 2011 Conductive Hearing Loss – 17%

  21. Permanent Congenital Hearing Loss: CDC HSFS, 2011 Sensorineural Hearing Loss – 63%

  22. Permanent Congenital Hearing Loss: CDC HSFS, 2011 Mixed Hearing Loss – 6%

  23. Permanent Congenital Hearing Loss: CDC HSFS, 2011 Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder – 6%

  24. Prevalence of Hearing Loss CDC EHDI Survey (2011) 1.5 per thousand – congenital permanent hearing loss BUT 35% not passing newborn screening are Lost to Follow-up/Lost to Documentation (range 3 – 98%) ECHO (2002-2013)* 1.0 per thousand - previously unidentified permanent hearing loss *preliminary data

  25. TheAudiogram – A graph of an individual’s hearing sensitivity, including type and degree of hearing loss Audiogram Frequency Low Pitch to High Pitch Loudness Soft to Loud

  26. Speech Sounds

  27. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  28. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  29. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  30. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  31. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  32. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  33. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  34. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  35. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

  36. Hearing Loss Simulation

  37. Two On-line Resources Hearing Loss Simulation links successforkidswithhearingloss.com

  38. Take Home Message • Hearing loss is described by the parts of the ear affected and can be temporary or permanent • An audiogram is how we graph hearing sensitivity and it is very important to develop an understanding of what it means • Even mild and moderate hearing loss significantly affects ability to hear speech which affects speech and language development

  39. Hearing Loss Simulation Profound Hearing Loss HEARING LOSS SIMULATIONS http://www.starkey.com/hearing-loss-and-treatment/identify-hearing-loss/Hearing-Loss-Simulator http://www.phonak.com/com/b2c/en/hearing/understanding_hearingloss/how_hearing_loss_sounds.html http://www.hear2learn.org/CICSsim/index.html

  40. Hearing Loss Simulation Moderate High Frequency Hearing Loss HEARING LOSS SIMULATIONS http://www.starkey.com/hearing-loss-and-treatment/identify-hearing-loss/Hearing-Loss-Simulator http://www.phonak.com/com/b2c/en/hearing/understanding_hearingloss/how_hearing_loss_sounds.html http://www.hear2learn.org/CICSsim/index.html

  41. Hearing Loss Simulation Mild Mid-Frequency Hearing Loss HEARING LOSS SIMULATIONS http://www.starkey.com/hearing-loss-and-treatment/identify-hearing-loss/Hearing-Loss-Simulator http://www.phonak.com/com/b2c/en/hearing/understanding_hearingloss/how_hearing_loss_sounds.html http://www.hear2learn.org/CICSsim/index.html

  42. Hearing Loss Simulation Normal Hearing HEARING LOSS SIMULATIONS http://www.starkey.com/hearing-loss-and-treatment/identify-hearing-loss/Hearing-Loss-Simulator http://www.phonak.com/com/b2c/en/hearing/understanding_hearingloss/how_hearing_loss_sounds.html http://www.hear2learn.org/CICSsim/index.html

  43. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss

  44. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss

  45. The Audiogram and Hearing Loss Normal Minimal Mild Moderate Moderate- Severe Severe Profound

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