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Cells and Cell Theory

Cells and Cell Theory. Mr. Stoll and Miss Else Biology Room 314. Cell Theory. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF CELLS! Two objects were invented in Holland ~1600’s: a telescope and a microscope. Van Leeuwenhoek.

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Cells and Cell Theory

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  1. Cells and Cell Theory Mr. Stoll and Miss Else Biology Room 314

  2. Cell Theory • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things • ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF CELLS! • Two objects were invented in Holland ~1600’s: a telescope and a microscope

  3. Van Leeuwenhoek • Van Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe living cells • He studied bacteria from teeth and protozoa from pond water • He used the microscope to study MICROORGANISMS http://www.nhc.ed.ac.uk/images/collections/invertebrates/protozoa/LgParasitic.jpg

  4. Hooke • Hooke used the microscope to study plant stems, wood and cork • Unable to observe living cells, but named them “chamber cells” • First to pioneer the study of cells http://www.microscopyu.com/galleries/smz1500/images/corkcellslarge.jpg http://www.concord.org/~btinker/workbench_web/unitIV_revised/starch/images/leaf_cells_annot.jpg http://woodscience.oregonstate.edu/images/RProgs_dougfircross(60).jpg

  5. Other discoveries… • Robert Brown saw a dark structure near center of the cell, the nucleus • Matthias Schleiden stated all plants are made up of cells • Theodor Schwann stated animals are made up of cells too. http://137.222.110.150/calnet/cellbio/image/typical%20cell%20nucleus-electron%20micrograph.jpg http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/aencmed/targets/illus/ilt/T059292A.gif http://137.222.110.150/calnet/cellbio/image/typical%20cell%20nucleus-electron%20micrograph.jpg

  6. Cell Structures • The cells of all organisms have 3 basic structures: • Cell Membrane • Nucleus • Cytoplasm • There are a few that are different from plant to animal cells: • Plants have Cell Walls and Vaculoes, animals cells DO NOT

  7. http://discover.edventures.com/images/termlib/c/cytoplasm/support.gifhttp://discover.edventures.com/images/termlib/c/cytoplasm/support.gif http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/s2s/latest/cell1/src/images/cell_membrane.jpg http://sun.menloschool.org/~birchler/cells/animals/nucleus/nucleus1.jpg

  8. Prokaryotic Cells • Lack membrane-bound nucleus • Genetic material is in circular loops called PLASMIDS • Very small • 3 shapes: • rod shaped • Spherical • Spiral • Binary Fission http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

  9. Eukaryotic Cells • Membrane-bound nucleus • Genetic material is contained in the nucleus • Eukaryotes are typically multicellular • Animals • Plants • Fungi • Protists • Divide by sexual/asexual reproduction http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/Image125.gif

  10. http://www.windows.ucar.edu/earth/Life/images/celltypes.gif

  11. http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/images/cells/allcell.jpghttp://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/images/cells/allcell.jpg

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