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Income Distribution Issues in Thailand

Income Distribution Issues in Thailand. Professor Medhi Krongkaew NACC Commissioner. Income Distribution. Income inequality as relative poverty Theory of income distribution, sources and causes of income inequality Various measures of income distribution. Absolute vs. Relative Poverty.

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Income Distribution Issues in Thailand

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  1. Income Distribution Issues in Thailand Professor Medhi Krongkaew NACC Commissioner

  2. Income Distribution Income inequality as relative poverty Theory of income distribution, sources and causes of income inequality Various measures of income distribution

  3. Absolute vs. Relative Poverty Absolute poverty is measured by poverty line, whereas relative poverty is measured by the distribution of income of the people, ie. how much income position of an individual deviates from the mean income of the group, community, region, or country. It is possible to have a situation where the distribution of income is completely equal and all are under poverty.

  4. Lorenz Curve and Gini Ratio Lorenz curve shows the distribution of income of a group of people where the number of people is cumulatively staggered from poorest to richest, from 0 to 100 %, and plotted on the horizontal axis of a unit square, and the cumulative income of these people is plotted on the vertical axis. The curve that joins all these coordinates is called the Lorenz Curve.

  5. ดัชนีวัดความเหลื่อมล้ำของการกระจายรายได้.ดัชนีวัดความเหลื่อมล้ำของการกระจายรายได้. (1)เส้น Lorenz % สะสมของรายได้ (100%) % สะสมของประชากร (100%) A B 0 0

  6. Lorenz Curve

  7. ดัชนีวัดความเหลื่อมล้ำของการกระจายรายได้(ต่อ)ดัชนีวัดความเหลื่อมล้ำของการกระจายรายได้(ต่อ) (2)สัมประสิทธิ์จินี (Gini coefficient) G = A A+B (3)สัดส่วนคนรวย/คนจน (T/B ratio) TBR = รายได้ของกลุ่ม 20% ที่รวยที่สุด รายได้ของกลุ่ม 20% ที่จนที่สุด

  8. Gini Ratio or Gini Coefficient Measures income distribution as a ratio of area under the Lorenz curve and the triangle under the diagonal line of perfect equality. G = A/(A+B) G = 0 means perfectly equal income distribution; G = 1 means perfectly unequal income distribution

  9. ดัชนีวัดความเหลื่อมล้ำของการกระจายรายได้(ต่อ)ดัชนีวัดความเหลื่อมล้ำของการกระจายรายได้(ต่อ) • (2)สัมประสิทธิ์จินี (Gini coefficient) • G = A • A+B • (3)สัดส่วนคนรวย/คนจน (T/B ratio) • TBR = รายได้ของกลุ่ม 20% ที่รวยที่สุด • รายได้ของกลุ่ม 20% ที่จนที่สุด

  10. T/B Ratio If all people are lined up from poorest to richest, or lowest to highest income group, the ratio of total income of the top group (richest) to the bottom group (poorest) or T/B Ratio would signify how serious inequality of income is. If the population is divided in to 5 equal groups (quintile), T/B ratio is the ratio of Q5/Q1 where Q5 and Q1 are richest and poorest quintiles, respectively

  11. Marginal Productivity Theory of Distribution If all factors in a competitive market are paid their values of marginal products, then total resources are just exhausted and distributed fairly to all factors of production. The returns to each factor is determined by how much it has put in the total national production or income.

  12. The Kuznets Hypothesis Simon Kuznets concludes from his studies of the relationship between economic growth and income distribution that in the early stage of economic development when the national income is growing, the distribution of income will worsen first but will later improve as the economy has grown past a certain level.

  13. The Inverted U-Shaped Kuznets Curve Index of Inequality Kuznets Curve Income

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