THE ENGLISH COLONIES (1605–1735)

1. Chapter 4 THE ENGLISH COLONIES(1605–1735) Section 1: The Virginia Colony Section 2: The Pilgrims’ Experience Section 3: The New England Colonies Section 4: The Southern and Middle Colonies

2. Section 1: The Virginia Colony OBJECTIVES • Why were people in England interested in founding Jamestown, and when was the colony established? • How did the Jamestown colonists interact with local American Indians? • How did the English plantation system begin? • What role did indentured servants and enslaved Africans have in Virginia’s economy?

3. Section 1: The Virginia Colony Jamestown, Virginia The London Company desired to begin a settlement without depending on the wealth of one person. Thus, they founded Jamestown,Virginia, a joint-stock company, on April 26, 1607.

4. Section 1: The Virginia Colony The Colonists Interact with the Powhatan Indians • The Powhatan Indians aided the colonists by: • giving them food • teaching them how to grow corn • Sometimes there were disputes between the two over land.

5. Section 1: The Virginia Colony How Plantations Formed • Plantations formed when tobacco farmers founded large farms. • Plantations were made possible by the headright system. Headright system – system set up by the London Company that gave 50 acres of land to colonists who paid their own way to Virginia

6. Section 1: The Virginia Colony The Role of Indentured Servants and Enslaved Africans in Virginia’s Economy • Indentured servants and enslaved Africans supplied labor for the farms and plantations. • Some became successful farmers when their contracts ended. • Widespread use of slave labor helped some people become rich.

7. Section 2: The Pilgrims’ Experience OBJECTIVES • Why did the Pilgrims come to America? • What was the Mayflower compact, and why was it important? • What was life like in the Plymouth colony?

8. Section 2: The Pilgrims’ Experience Pilgrims came to America to: • escape religious persecution in that country • practice their religion freely

9. Section 2: The Pilgrims’ Experience Mayflower Compact and Its Importance The Mayflower Compact was a document written by the Pilgrims that established guidelines for the first form of self-government in the English colonies.

10. Section 2: The Pilgrims’ Experience Life in the Plymouth Colony • The Pilgrims formed a strong community. • The Pilgrims taught their children to read and offered some education to their indentured servants. • The family served as the center of religious life, health care, and community well-being. • All family members worked together to survive during the early years of the colony.

11. Section 2: The Pilgrims’ Experience (continued) Life in the Plymouth Colony • Women… • Cooked, spun and wove wool, and sewed clothing • Made soap and butter carried water, dried fruit, and cared for livestock • Had the right to sign contracts and to bring certain cases before local courts • Widows could own property • Married and widowed women could get licenses to run inns and to sell liquor

12. Section 2: The Pilgrims’ Experience (continued) Life in the Plymouth Colony • Men • Spent most of their time repairing tools and working in the fields • Chopped wood and built shelters

13. Section 3:The New England Colonies OBJECTIVES • What was the Great Migration, and why did it occur? • What role did religion and the church play in Massachusetts Bay Colony? • How did the Puritans respond to dissenters?

14. Section 3:The New England Colonies Great Migration – mass migration of thousands of English people to the Americas that took place between 1630 and 1640 caused by the following problems in England: • economic • political • social

15. Section 3:The New England Colonies Politics and religion were closely linkedin the Massachusetts Bay Colony. • Government leaders were also church members. • Ministers had great political power. • Only male church members were allowed to vote. • Colonists became full church members by becoming a member of the elect.

16. Section 3:The New England Colonies Puritan Response to Dissenters Dissenters were mistreated and were often accused of witchcraft, brought to trial, and put to death.

17. Section 4:The Southern and Middle Colonies OBJECTIVES • What role did religion play in the founding and development of Maryland? • How were the Carolinas established, and how did their economies develop? • How were the middle colonies founded?

18. Section 4:The Southern and Middle Colonies Religion played a major role in Maryland. • Colonists came to escape religious persecution. • Religious conflicts developed between the Catholics and Protestants. • The Toleration Act of 1649 was one of the first laws protecting religious tolerance passed in the colonies.

19. Section 4:The Southern and Middle Colonies How the Carolinas Were Founded • The Carolinas were founded when Charles II gave eight of his supporters land. • The settlements were widely divided making government difficult. • Thus, North and South Carolina were formed. • The economy was based on farming rice and slave labor.

20. Section 4:The Southern and Middle Colonies The Middle Colonies were founded because of: • fur trade and farming • land grants • religious toleration for Jews, Huguenots, Puritans, and Quakers