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Volcanic Hazards

Volcanic Hazards. Limiting Danger from Hazards. Warning Know when event is happening Education Know what to do when an event happens Research Know what will happen in an event. ‘Water’ Volcanoes. Water that can be hazardous that are due to magma or Lava Geysers Hot Springs Fumaroles

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Volcanic Hazards

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  1. VolcanicHazards

  2. Limiting Danger from Hazards • Warning • Know when event is happening • Education • Know what to do when an event happens • Research • Know what will happen in an event

  3. ‘Water’ Volcanoes • Water that can be hazardous that are due to magma or Lava • Geysers • Hot Springs • Fumaroles • Mud Pots

  4. Gases • Release from within magma as pressure and temperature changes • Can cause explosive eruptions • Can poison plants and animals at surface • H2O, SO2, CO2, H2, HCl, H2S, Fl

  5. Lava Flows • Streams of molten rock • Some flow smoother and faster than others • Depends on • Temperature • Chemical make-up • Everything in the path of the lava is in danger • Knocked over • Surrounded • Buried • Burned • Melted

  6. Explosions and “Stuff” that is Ejected During Eruptions • ‘Ash Fall’ • Tephra- lava and solid material, blasted into the air, during an eruption • Volcanic Ash/Dust- Small and very small material ejected during an eruption • Volcanic Bombs- Pebble sized to massive boulders of ejected material • Cinders- Small volcanic bombs the size of golf balls

  7. Pyroclastic Flows • Fast moving flow of hot rock and gases • ‘Ash Flow’ • Could include molten rock as well • Rock includes small ash and large boulders • Can move at 80 km/h • Reach temperatures of 700º C

  8. Landslides • Flow of rock and debris • Can be caused because weaker layers of rock give way and collapse • Landslide may allow for other hazards; explosion, lava flow, or lahars

  9. Lahars • Mixture of water and rock fragments flowing down a volcano’s slopes • ‘Mud Flows’ • Water often comes from suddenly melted glaciers • May pick up more debris while moving down slope • Water can be very hot

  10. Tsunamis • Eruptions can create huge waves in large bodies of water located near a volcano

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