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Human Anatomy

Human Anatomy. Introduction. Do Now. The spinal cord is ____________ to the esophagus The larynx is _____________ to the trachea Tommy is cutting down a tree with a chain saw – it slips and cuts off his head. What type of cut is this ? (What Plane).

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Human Anatomy

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  1. Human Anatomy Introduction

  2. Do Now The spinal cord is ____________ to the esophagus The larynx is _____________ to the trachea Tommy is cutting down a tree with a chain saw – it slips and cuts off his head. What type of cut is this? (What Plane)

  3. Anatomical position – a common visual reference point • Person stands erect with feet together and eyes forward • Palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body

  4. Regional terms – names of specific body areas • Axial region – the main axis of the body • Appendicular region – the limbs • Directional terminology • Refers to the body in anatomical position • Standardized terms of directions are paired terms

  5. Orientation and Directional Terms

  6. Orientation and Directional Terms

  7. Orientation and Directional Terms

  8. Regional Terms

  9. Regional Terms

  10. Body Planes and Sections

  11. Body Planes and Sections • Coronal (frontal) plane - Lies vertically and divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts • Sagittal plane – lies vertically and divides the body into left and right sides. • Median (midsagittal) plane - Specific sagittal plane that lies vertically in the midline • Transverse plane - runs horizontally and divides body into superior (up) and inferior (down) parts

  12. Body Planes and Sections • Oblique section through the trunk Figure 1.6

  13. Body Cavities and Membranes • Dorsal body cavity • Cavity subdivided into the cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity. • Cranial cavity houses the brain. • Vertebral cavity runs through the vertebral column and encloses the spinal cord

  14. Body Cavities and Membranes • Ventral body cavity – subdivided into: • Thoracic cavity – divided into three parts • Two lateral parts each containing a lung surrounded by a pleural cavity • Mediastinum – contains the heart surrounded by the pericardial sac

  15. Body Cavities and Membranes • Ventral body cavity • Abdominopelvic cavity – divided into two parts • Abdominal cavity – contains the liver, stomach, kidneys, and other organs • Pelvic cavity – contains the bladder, some reproductive organs, and rectum

  16. Body Cavities and Membranes • Serous cavities – a slit-like space lined by a serous membrane • Pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum • Parietal serosa – outer wall of the cavity • Visceral serosa covers the visceral organs

  17. Body Cavities and Membranes

  18. Other Body Cavities • Oral cavity • Nasal cavity • Orbital cavities • Middle ear cavities • Synovial cavities

  19. Abdominal Regions and Quadrants • Abdominal regions divide the abdomen into nine regions

  20. Abdominal Quadrants • Abdominal quadrants divide the abdomen into four quadrants • Right upper and left upper quadrants • Right lower and left lower quadrants

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