Technology and Historical Change

1. Technology and Historical Change

2. Technology and Historical Change • Renaissance – The Invention of the Printing Press • New Technology in Ships and Navigation • The Invention of the Steam Engine • The Discovery and Use of Nuclear Energy

3. Renaissance – The Invention of the Printing Press Printed pages drying The owner and master of the printing press Reading manuscript An apprentice learning the trade Boxes of letters Delivering paper Printer working the printing press Inking the letters (or type) Setting up the type

4. The Invention of the Printing Press Printing in Europe by 1500

5. The Invention of the Printing Press See Skills Book p. 51

6. Technology and Historical Change New technology in ships and navigation Caravels - What improvements were made to ships which made long voyages of exploration possible?

7. New Technology in Navigation

8. New Technology in Ships and Navigation • Direction Compass • Latitude Quadrant, astrolabe, cross-staff • Speed Log and line • ShipsCaravels, carracks (naos), carvel- built • Sails Lateen, square • SteeringRudder • TimeSand-glass/hour-glass

9. Technology and Historical Change • Age of Exploration • Trade • Spread of European culture • Language, religion • Development of European empires • Slavery • New foods • Naval warfare – Spanish Armada, Spanish help in Nine Years War

10. The Invention of the Steam Engine See Skills Book p. 101

11. The Invention of the Steam Engine • Thomas Newcomen • Pump water out of mines • James Watt • Rotary (turning) motion The steam engine could be used to drive machinery in factories.

12. From Domestic Industry to the Factory System More thread and cloth Steam power Bigger machines Factories

13. Steam Power and Historical Change ‘The steam engine was the single most important invention, which spurred on the great historical changes of the industrial revolution’ See Skills Book p. 105

14. The Impact of the Railways • Faster, cheaper and more comfortable transport. • Decline of coaches and canals. • Growth of industry – more coal, iron and engines. • Growth of towns and cities – more people came to shop; people lived in suburbs. • Growth of tourism – day-trips to seaside resorts. • The Impact of Steam Ships • Growth of world trade. • Greater movement of passengers – more migration. • Increased process of globalisation. • Larger battleships.

16. The Discovery and Use of Nuclear Energy- Its Impact on Historical Change

17. World War II • Manhattan Project – to develop atomic bomb • Bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1945 • Deaths and destruction • End of the war in the East

18. Cold War • Time of tension and crises between USA and USSR after World War II • Development of H-bombs and ICBMs • Danger and fear of a nuclear war • Development of Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) • Cuban Missile Crisis Development of Rockets Nuclear power stations H-bomb Fear of Nuclear War Arms Race Nuclear Technology and Historical Change Movies, books Cold War Space Race Long distance space voyages

19. Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy

20. Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy Nuclear fission creates heat Nuclear energy and electricity The steam turns turbines The steam turns turbines Water is heated to make steam Electricity produced and sent around the country Electricity helps economic growth

21. Medicine – diagnosis and treatment Social Improvements Nuclear Technology and Historical Change Agriculture – insect control Long-distance space voyages to produce electricity for Voyager missions Other uses of nuclear technology Carbon dating for artefacts and rocks Smoke detectors

22. Nuclear Technology and Historical Change Climate change – no greenhouse gases