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Birth of Neutrino Astrophysics

Birth of Neutrino Astrophysics. M. Koshiba June 14, 2003 NDM03. For more details, see my review article “Observational Neutrino Astrophysics”; Physics Reports, 220 (1992) pp. 229-381 where the references are given. Prenatal Activities.

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Birth of Neutrino Astrophysics

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  1. Birth ofNeutrino Astrophysics M. Koshiba June 14, 2003 NDM03 For more details, see my review article “Observational Neutrino Astrophysics”; Physics Reports, 220 (1992) pp. 229-381 where the references are given.

  2. Prenatal Activities • Besides the theoretical works on solar neutrinos, supernova neutrinos and Cosmic Neutrino Background, there is only one prenatal experimental move; Cl37 experiment by Ray Davis, Jr. using radiochemical method. • In what follows, I use the results obtained by the end of year 2000. A man of the last century

  3. Neutrino Astrophysics • Astronomy requires; • Time and Direction of the signal. • Astrophysics requires; • In addition, Spectrum of the signal. • In this sense, the neutrino astrophysics was initiated by the results of KamiokaNDE.

  4. KamiokaNDE Inside of KamiokaNDE

  5. 50cm PMT This made the observation of the solar neutrinos by means of ne- e- scattering as well as the observation of supernova neutrinos by means of ne- p reaction.

  6. Super-KamiokaNDE 50,000tons of water and with a better light collection

  7. Solar Neutrinos • The expected and the observed solar neutrinos.

  8. Spectral and Timing Observation The observed neutrinos are from the B8 decays. However, the flux is only about one half of the prediction of Standard Solar Model. The timing accuracy is about 10 nanoseconds by the TDC.

  9. Directional Observation

  10. Neutrinograph n-graph of the sun Poor angular resolution; (About 250.) Neutrino Astrophysics is still an infant.

  11. Bonus 1a • Supernova neutrinos

  12. Bonus 1b

  13. Bonus　２a Neutrino oscillation

  14. Bonus 2b Permissible regions of neutrino oscillation. Red: nmvs. nt Yellow: ne vs. nm

  15. Note added • The primary motivation of KamiokaNDE, Search for Proton Decay is still in progress but with negative results so far. • We note that SU(5), plain or SUSY, is out. • (The existence of the right-handed neutrino). • We need at least SO(10) for GUTs.

  16. What then? • The next supernova in our vicinity. Warning to the optical people by several hours. • Cosmic Neutrino Background. The total reflection due to the non-zero mass is certainly helpful. Formidable task, however, to detect them! • Continue searching for the point sources of high energy neutrinos.Better than10 angular resolution!

  17. Mass Spectrum 1 • A possible mass spectrum consistent with the observations. • See-Saw mechanism with the leptons as the Dirac particles in it.

  18. Mass Spectrum 2 • A slight mass shift of charged particles make the regularity more apparent. • This is for your fun.

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