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Matthew Lombard, PhD BTMM, MM&C, ISPR November 8, 2007

(Tele) Presence and Usability. Matthew Lombard, PhD BTMM, MM&C, ISPR November 8, 2007. Overview. What is (tele)presence? The growing (tele)presence field Who cares? Usability and presence Example. What Is (Tele)Presence?.

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Matthew Lombard, PhD BTMM, MM&C, ISPR November 8, 2007

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  1. (Tele) Presence and Usability Matthew Lombard, PhDBTMM, MM&C, ISPR November 8, 2007

  2. Overview • What is (tele)presence? • The growing (tele)presence field • Who cares? • Usability and presence • Example

  3. What Is (Tele)Presence? The evolution of media technologies - drawings, print, radio, film, television, computers, IMAX, simulator rides, virtual reality, AI agents…

  4. What Is (Tele)Presence? … has produced mediated experiences that seem increasingly natural, intuitive, comfortable, easy, automatic, and ‘real’ because the technology seems increasingly less like technology.

  5. What is (Tele)Presence? • “the extent to which one feels present in the mediated environment, rather than in the immediate physical environment”(Steuer, 1992) • “A sense of ‘being there’ in a displayed scene or environment” (Barfield, Zeltzer, Sheridan, & Slater (1995) • “the perceptual illusion of nonmediation” (Lombard & Ditton, 1997)

  6. What is (Tele)Presence? • "Presence (a shortened version of the term ‘telepresence’) is a psychological state or subjective perception in which even though part or all of an individual's current experience is generated by and/or filtered through human-made technology, part or all of the individual's perception fails to accurately acknowledge the role of the technology in the experience.” (International Society for Presence Research, 2000)

  7. What is (Tele)Presence?

  8. What is (Tele)Presence?

  9. What is (Tele)Presence?

  10. What is (Tele)Presence?

  11. What is (Tele)Presence?

  12. What is (Tele)Presence?

  13. What is (Tele)Presence?

  14. What is (Tele)Presence?

  15. What is (Tele)Presence?

  16. What is (Tele)Presence?

  17. What is (Tele)Presence?

  18. What is (Tele)Presence?

  19. What is (Tele)Presence?

  20. What is (Tele)Presence?

  21. What is (Tele)Presence?

  22. What is (Tele)Presence? Virtual Characters Lara Diki T-babe Webbie- Tookay

  23. What is (Tele)Presence?

  24. What is (Tele)Presence?

  25. What is (Tele)Presence? Sony’s Aibo “From the first day you play with Aibo, it will become your new companion for the Millennium.”

  26. What is (Tele)Presence?

  27. What is (Tele)Presence?

  28. What is (Tele)Presence?

  29. Growing (Tele)P Field • ISPR hosts first systematic database (n=1834)

  30. Growing (Tele)P. Field

  31. Growing (Tele)P. Field 10 Annual International Workshops on Presence: PRESENCE 1998: Suffolk, England PRESENCE 1999: Colcester, England PRESENCE 2000: Delft, The Netherlands PRESENCE 2001: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA PRESENCE 2002: Porto, Portugal PRESENCE 2003: Aalborg, Denmark PRESENCE 2004: Valencia, Spain PRESENCE 2005: London, UK PRESENCE 2006: Cleveland, Ohio, USA PRESENCE 2007: Barcelona, Spain

  32. Growing (Tele)P. Field

  33. Who cares? • It’s ‘central’ – relates to many fields and endeavors • It will be increasingly common • It has many potential effects – attention, memory, social judgment, persuasion, enjoyment, task performance… • It’s just cool

  34. Who cares? Art Business Education Entertainment Ethics … Health/Medicine Military Philosophy Politics Psychology …

  35. Usability and Presence • More presence means greater usability • Make technology adapt to people, not people adapt to technology • A natural, intuitive interface that hides technology  presence  usability  efficiency/productivity/satisfaction…

  36. Usability and Presence • How to evoke presence? • Big displays (high field of view) • Multiple senses (sound) • Interactivity • Obvious affordances • Perceptual and social realism • Spatial cues – you’re in a place • Social cues – you’re interacting with a person • Meet natural expectations for dealing w. ‘real’ world

  37. Example Karl Horvath’s dissertation study: THE COMPUTER AS INFORMATION INTERMEDIARY: USING SOCIAL AND SPATIAL CUES TO EVOKE PRESENCE IN COMPUTER USERS AND OPTIMIZE HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION

  38. Example • Low spatial, low social cues

  39. Example • High spatial, high social cues

  40. Example • Low spatial, high social cues

  41. Example • High spatial, low social cues

  42. Example • Results: • Social cues  Social presence • Spatial cues  Spatial presence • Social/spatial cues  Satisfaction, enjoyment, comprehension, perceived ability, likelihood of use • Social + spatial  biggest effects • For all experience levels

  43. Example • Bottom lines:(Tele)Presence looks like a useful concept for increasing usabilityResearchers and practitioners in both areas should talk!

  44. For more information… • Matthew Lombard • lombard@temple.edu • http://matthewlombard.comhttp://ispr.info

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