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Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 19

Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 19. I. Study of Nuclear Reactions. Nuclear Reactions vs. Chemical Reactions Define “ Chemical Reaction ”?. Define “ Nuclear Reaction”

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Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 19

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  1. Introduction to Nuclear ChemistryChapter 19

  2. I. Study of Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Reactions vs. Chemical Reactions Define “ Chemical Reaction”?

  3. Define “Nuclear Reaction” Reaction involving spontaneous emission of radiation by an unstable nuclei to a more stable nuclei of a different element. Involves changes within nucleus. Atoms of each element do not balance. Spontaneous change of a radioisotope.

  4. II. Types of Nuclear Radiation**Responsible for properties of top three!!

  5. Example Nuclear Reactions:

  6. Rules For Balancing Nuclear Reactions: 1. The sum of the mass numbers of the reactants must equal the sum of the mass number of the products. *Total # nucleons remain the same. 2. The sum of the atomic numbers of the reactants must equal the sum of the mass number of the products. * Electrical charge remains the same.

  7. What kind of radiation is produced in the following nuclear reaction?

  8. III. Radioactive Decay Rates Follows First Order Kinetics Commonly described by “half-life”. t1/2 “The time required for half the radioactive atoms in a sample to undergo decay.”

  9. Derived From Integrated Rate Law:

  10. Examples of Half-Lives

  11. Iodine-131 (t1/2 = 8 days)

  12. Example Problem: The value of t1/2 for I-131 is 8 days. How many I-131 atoms will remain after 24 days in a sample originally containing 6.4 x 1016 I-131 atoms?

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