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D a blin sko jezgro (Dublin C ore ) i EAD (Encoded Archival Description)

D a blin sko jezgro (Dublin C ore ) i EAD (Encoded Archival Description). Struktura informacija 6. predavanje, 26. maj 2010. Šta je Dablinsko jezgro?. Dablinsko jezgro je standard za metapodatke koji se sastoji od seta elemenata za opis širokog spektra izvora na mreži.

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D a blin sko jezgro (Dublin C ore ) i EAD (Encoded Archival Description)

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  1. Dablinsko jezgro (Dublin Core) iEAD (Encoded Archival Description) Struktura informacija 6. predavanje, 26. maj 2010.

  2. Šta je Dablinsko jezgro? • Dablinsko jezgro je standard za metapodatke koji se sastoji od seta elemenata za opis širokog spektra izvora na mreži. • Naziv potiče od mesta Dablin u Ohaju gde se u OCLC 1995. godine održavala inicijativna radionica OCLC/NCSA Metadata Workshop • Reč jezgro ukazuje na to da je osnova set elemenata metapodataka, ali da je taj set proširiv po principu jezgra.

  3. Dablinsko jezgro • Podrazumeva se opis elektronskih izvora informacija • Sadrži dva nivoa opisa: • Jednostavni • Kvalifikovani

  4. Jednostavni i kvalifikovani opis u Dablinskom jezgru • Jednostavni opis sadrži 15 elemenata • Kvalifikovani opis sadrži tri dodatna elementa i kvalifikatore • Semantika Dablinskog jezgra ustanovljena je od strane internacionalne, multidisciplinarne grupe profesionalaca iz oblasti bibliotekarstva, računarstva, kodiranja teksta, muzeologije i ostalih srodnih disciplina.

  5. Klase pojmova • Dve klase pojmova: • Elementi (imenice) • Kvalifikatori (pridevi) • U Internet svetu Dablinsko jezgro je univerzalni jezik za opis digitalnih dokumenta.

  6. Principi Dablinskog jezgra • 1. princip “jedan na jedan” (npr. reprodukcija Mona Lize koja se javlja kao neki jpg dokument na Internetu je samo ta reprodukcija i ne podrazumeva opis originala) • 2. princip “ignoriši” (dumb-down) (odnosi se na potrebu ignorisanja kvalifikovanja i upotrebe kvalifikatora kod jedinica sa kojima ne postoji direktna relacija) • 3. princip odgovarajuće vrednosti (odnosi se na to da se u opisu jednog pojma dodeljuje direktna asocijativna vrednost)

  7. Ciljevi Dablinskog jezgra • Jednostavnost kreiranja i održavanja (omogućava i onima koji nisu katalogizatori da kreiraju zapise za digitalne sadržaje) • Jednostavna semantika (sematika koja se koristi je univerzalno razumljiva) • Međunarodno učešće (originalno je nastao na engleskom jeziku, ali danas postoji i na finskom, norveškom, japanskom, francuskom, portugalskom, nemačkom, grčkom, španskom...)

  8. Ciljevi Dablinskog jezgra (nastavak) • Prilagodljivost (predviđeno je da se Dublin Core može prilagoditi raznim novim digitalnim izvorima informacija koje je potrebno opisati, da se može proširiti zavisno od lokalnih potreba i da je interoperabilan u svim novim situacijama)

  9. Sintaksa u Dablinskom jezgru Sintaksa koja se koristi: • Generički oblik - element = “vrednost” • HTML ili XHTML (Web's Hypertext Markup Language format ) • RDF/XML (Resource Description Framework koristeći eXtensable Markup Language) • XML

  10. Sintaksa u Dablinskom jezgru • Izbor sintakse zavisi od različitih promenljivih i retko se koristi jedan obrazac sintakse koji odgovara svima • Koncept Dablinskog jezgra je dizajniran tako da raznim dokumentima odgovara različita sintaksa, pa je i sintaksa prilagodljiva u skladu sa ciljevima koji su unapred zadati

  11. Elementi jednostavnog opisa u Dablinskom jezgru • Jednostavni Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (DCMES)sastoji se od 15 elemenata : • Title - Naslov • Subject - Predmet • Description - Opis • Type – Vrsta • Source – Izvor • Relation – Odnos • Coverage - Pokrivenost • Creator - Autor

  12. Elementi jednostavnog opisa u Dablinskom jezgru (nastavak) • Publisher - Izdavač • Contributor – Saradnik • Rights - Prava • Date - Datum • Format - Format • Identifier - Identifikator • Language - Jezik

  13. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Title – Naslov Title="A Pilot's Guide to Aircraft Insurance"Title="The Sound of Music"Title="Green on Greens"Title="AOPA's Tips on Buying Used Aircraft“ • Subject – Predmet Subject="Aircraft leasing and renting"Subject="Dogs"Subject="Olympic skiing"Subject="Street, Picabo"

  14. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Description – Opis Description="Illustrated guide to airport markings and lighting signals, with particular reference to SMGCS (Surface Movement Guidance and Control System) for airports with low visibility conditions."

  15. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Type – Vrsta Electronic art exhibition catalog: Type="Image“ Type="Text“ Type="Exhibition catalog“ • Source – Izvor Source="Image from page 54 of the 1922 edition of Romeo and Juliet"

  16. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Relation – Odnos Title="Candle in the Wind"Subject="Diana, Princess of Wales"Date="1997"Creator="John, Elton"Type="sound"Description="Tribute to a dead princess."Relation="Elton John's 1976 song Candle in the Wind" Title="Electronic AACR2"Relation="Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd edition"

  17. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Coverage – Pokrivenost Coverage="1995-1996"Coverage="Boston, MA" Coverage="17th century"Coverage="New York"

  18. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Creator – Autor (kreator – osoba, organizacija ili servis) Creator="Shakespeare, William"Creator="Wen Lee"Creator="Hubble Telescope"

  19. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Publisher - Izdavač Publisher="University of South Where"Publisher="Funky Websites, Inc."Publisher="Carmen Miranda“ • Contributor – Saradnik - dodatni podatak vezan za kreatora, odnosno autora

  20. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Rights - Prava Rights="Access limited to members"Rights= http://cstr.cs.cornell.edu/Dienst/Repository/2.0/Terms& quot; • Date – Datum (opisivanja izvora) Date=“2010-02-16"Date=“2010-02"Date=“2010"

  21. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Format - Format Format="image/gif"Format="4 kB“ Format="40 x 512 pixels" • Identifier - Identifikator Identifier="http://purl.oclc.org/metadata/dublin_core/& quot;Identifier="ISBN:0385424728"

  22. Primeri unosa podataka u okviru elemenata • Language – Jezik (dvoslovne i troslovne oznake u skladu sa međunarodnim standardima) Language="en"Language="fr"Language="Primarily English, with some abstracts also in French."Language="en-US“ (američki engleski) Language="en-GB“ (britanski engleski)

  23. Kvalifikovani opis u dablinskom jezgru • Sadrži elemente i kvalifikatore • Elementi su: Audience – Publika (namena) Provenance - Poreklo RightsHolder – Vlasnici prava • Kvalifikatori su: InstructionalMethod – Metod obuke AccrualMethod – Metod prirasta AccrualPeriodicity – Periodičnost prirasta AccrualPolicy – Politika prirasta

  24. Primeri unosa podataka u kvalifikovanom opisu • Audience="elementary school students"Audience="ESL teachers"Audience="deaf adults“ • Provenance="This copy once owned by Benjamin Spock."Provenance="Estate of Hunter Thompson."Provenance="Stolen in 1999; recovered by the Museum in 2003.“ • RightsHolder="Stuart Weibel"RightsHolder="University of Bath“

  25. Primeri unosa podataka u kvalifikovanom opisu • InstructionalMethod="Experiential learning"InstructionalMethod="Observation" • AccrualMethod="Deposit"AccrualMethod="Purchase“ • AccrualPeriodicity="Annual"AccrualPeriodicity="Irregular“ • AccrualPolicy="Active"AccrualPolicy="Closed"

  26. Dablinsko jezgro – primeri (XML) • <dc> • <title>Arithmetic</title> • <creator>Sandburg, Carl,1878-1967. </creator> • <creator> Rand, Ted, ill.</creator> • <type/> • <publisher>San Diego :Harcourt Brace Jovanovich,</publisher> • <date>c1993.</date> • <language>eng</language> • <description> • A poem about numbers and their characteristics. Features anamorphic, or distorted, drawings which can be restored to normal by viewing from a particular angle or by viewing the image's reflection in the provided Mylar cone. • </description> • <description>One Mylar sheet included in pocket.</description> • <subject>Arithmetic</subject> • <subject>Children's poetry, American.</subject> • <subject>Arithmetic</subject> • <subject>American poetry.</subject> • <subject>Visual perception.</subject> • </dc>

  27. Dublinsko jezgro – primeri (HTML) • <META NAME="DC.Title" CONTENT="Who's who in the Metamorphosis of Ovid : the Analytical Onomasticon Project"><META NAME="DC.Title.alternative" CONTENT="Ovid, Metamorphoses: the Analytical Onomasticon Project (homepage)"><META NAME="DC.Creator.personalName" SCHEME="LCNAF" CONTENT="McCarty, Willard"><META NAME="DC.Creator.personalName" SCHEME="LCNAF" CONTENT="Wright, Burton"><META NAME="DC.Creator.personalName" SCHEME="LCNAF" CONTENT="Suksi, Aara"><META NAME="DC.Creator.corporateName" SCHEME="LCNAF" CONTENT="Analytical Onomasticon Project"><META NAME="DC.Description" CONTENT=“An electronic reference book to persons and places in the Metamorphoses of Ovid. It is based on a densely tagged electronic text of the poem and is generated automatically by indexing software written for the purpose. Both the tagged text and the indexing software will be supplied with the book so that the reader can modify the tagging and regenerate the indexes at will."><META NAME="DC.Subject" SCHEME="LCSH" CONTENT="Ovid, 43 B.C.-17 or 18. Metamorphoses--Concordances--Databases."><META NAME="DC.Subject" SCHEME="LCSH" CONTENT="Mythology, Classical--Databases."><META NAME="DC.Subject" SCHEME="LCSH" CONTENT="Poetry, Latin--Databases.">

  28. Dublinsko jezgro - primeri • <META NAME="DC.Relation.IsFormatOf" CONTENT="Ovid, 43 B.C.-17 or 18. Metamorphoses"><META NAME="DC.Identifier" SCHEME="URL" CONTENT="http://www.princeton.edu/~mccarty/Onomasticon/"><META NAME="DC.Date.modified" IETF.RFC-822 CONTENT="1997-02-01"><META NAME="DC.Type" CONTENT="text"><META NAME="DC.Type" CONTENT="data"><META NAME="DC.Format" CONTENT="?"><META NAME="DC.Source" SCHEME="URL" CONTENT="The electronic text used for the Project was kindly supplied on request by the Packard Humanities Institute; it has subsequently been brought into conformity with the text of the Loeb, 3rd edition, as revised by G. P. Goold."><META NAME="DC.Language" SCHEME="RFC 1766" CONTENT="en"><META NAME="DC.Language" CONTENT="Latin">

  29. Dablinsko jezgro – primeri (HTML) • <metadata> <dc:title> UKOLN </dc:title> <dcterms:alternative> UK Office for Library and Information Networking </dcterms:alternative> <dc:subject> national centre, network information support, library community, awareness, research, information services,public library networking, bibliographic management, distributed library systems, metadata, resource discovery, conferences,lectures, workshops </dc:subject> <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:DDC"> 062 </dc:subject> <dc:subject xsi:type="dcterms:UDC"> 061(410) </dc:subject>

  30. <dc:description> UKOLN is a national focus of expertise in digital information management. It provides policy, research and awareness services to the UK library, information and cultural heritage communities. UKOLN is based at the University of Bath.</dc:description> • <dc:description xml:lang="fr"> UKOLN est un centre national d'expertise dans la gestion de l'information digitale. </dc:description> • <dc:publisher> UKOLN, University of Bath </dc:publisher> <dcterms:isPartOf xsi:type="dcterms:URI"> http://www.bath.ac.uk/</dcterms:isPartOf> • <dc:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI"> http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/</dc:identifier> • <dcterms:modified xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF"> 2001-07-18 </dcterms:modified> • <dc:format xsi:type="dcterms:IMT"> text/html </dc:format> <dcterms:extent> 14 Kbytes </dcterms:extent> • </metadata>

  31. Poređenje Dablinskog jezgra i UNIMARC

  32. Poređenje Dablinskog jezgra i UNIMARC • Dublin Core UNIMARC Naslov 200 $a Glavni stvarni naslov 200 $e Podnaslov 510 $a Uporedni naslov 517 $a Ostali varijantni naslovi Autor (krator) 700 $a Lično ime – primarna odgovornost701 $a Lično ime – alternativna odgovornost710 $a Korporativno ime - primarna odgovornost 711 $a Korporativno ime - alternativna odgovornost Predmet 606 $a Tematska predmetna odrednica675 $a UDC 676 $a DDC 680 $a LCC 686 $a Ostali klasifikacioni sistemi

  33. Poređenje Dablinskog jezgra i UNIMARC • Dublin Core UNIMARC Opis 330 $a Tekst sažetka ili apstrakta Izdavač210 $c Naziv izdavača Saradnici701 $a Lično ime – alternativna odgovornost711 $a Korporativno ime – alternativna odgovornost Datum210 $d Godina izdavanja Vrsta 608 $a Formalna predmetna odrednica Format 336 $a Tip kompjuterskih podataka Identifikator 010 $a ISBN 011 $a ISSN 856 $aURL Izvor 324 $a Napomena o izvoru Jezik 101 $a Jezik jedinice Odnos 300 $a Opšta napomena Pokrivenost 300 $a Opšta napomena Prava300 $a Opšta napomena

  34. Šta je EAD? • EAD - Encoding Archival Description - kodirani opis arhivske građe • Razvoj projekta od 1993. u Biblioteci Berkli univerziteta u Kaliforniji • Podrazumeva razvoj standarda za kodiranje mašinski čitljivih podataka kao što su inventari, registri, indeksi i drugi dokumenti koji su kreirani u arhivama, bibliotekama, muzejima i kolekcijama rukopisa u cilju podrške korišćenju tih fondova

  35. EAD - kriterijumi • Kriterijume uspostavio Daniel Pitti, glavni istraživač na projektu Berkli univerziteta • Kriterijumi: • 1. sposobnost da predstavi obimne informacije pronađene u arhivskim informacionim sredstvima • 2. sposobnost da sačuva hijerarhijske odnose između različtih nivoa opisa

  36. EAD - kriterijumi • 3. sposobnost da predstavi opisne informacije povezujući ih po hijerarhijskom principu • 4. sposobnost da se kreće unutar hijerarhijske strukture informacija • 5. podrška za specifično indeksiranje i pretraživanje elemenata

  37. EAD – tehničke karakteristike i standardi • ISAD(G) - General International Standard Archival Description • ASCII tekst • HTML • MARC (standard Z39.2/ISO 2709) • SGML • XML

  38. EAD - principi • 1. dostupnost arhivske građe iz različitih institucija korisnicima širom sveta; standard mora da odgovri najrazličitijim potrebama • 2. EAD elementi i atributi moraju da budu univerzalni jer je potrebno omogućiti međunarodnu razmenu EAD zapisa; neophodno ga je prilagoditi različitim jezicima, pismima i medijima

  39. EAD - principi • 3. informacije moraju biti javno dostupne; to nije sistem za upravljanje aktivnostima kao što su prenos vlasništva, očuvanje, izložba, korišćenje, skladištenje i tehnička obrada materijala. • 4. EAD je struktura podataka; on ne propisuje kako se formulišu podaci koji se pojavljuju. EAD Biblioteka etiketa ilustruje tip podataka koji se uključuju; mora se voditi računa da se osigura kompatibilnost sa spoljnim standardima.

  40. EAD - principi • 5. EAD je format za komunikaciju zasnovan na standardu SGML/XML; u specifičnim situacijama EAD se mora prilagoditi okruženju • 6. EAD se fokusira na strukturalne sadržaje arhivskih opisa, a ne na svoju prezentaciju; standard mora da obezbedi dovoljno mehanizama za podršku zapisima u različitim formatima. Ovo može da obuhvati tradicionalne oblike kao što su registri, inventari, i liste raznih vrsta, kao i nove oblike namenjene za web prezentacije i štampanje.

  41. EAD - principi • 7. EAD određuje poredak i grupisanje elemenata u ograničenom stepenu;to su unutrašnje strukture • 8. Kontinuitet strukture i sadržaja je važan faktor u prihvatanju i primeni EAD; tehnološko okruženje za EAD je složenoza mnoge institucije, ali ciljevi EAD će biti najbolje ostvariti ako je tehnička barijera za njegovo korišćenjesvedena na minimum; EAD prednost daje dodavanju umesto zameni elemenata i kompatibilnosti novihEAD verzija sa starijim

  42. EAD elementi i atributi • U skladu sa XML i EAD se sastoji iz elemenata i atributa • Popis oznaka elemenata i atributa naveden je na web prezentaciji EAD standarda

  43. EAD – primer 1 • <archdesc level="fonds"> • <did> • <head>Descriptive Summary</head> • <unittitle label="Title">Richard Egan manuscript maps of • Orange County</unittitle> • <unitdate type="inclusive" normal="1878/1879">Circa 1878- • 1879</unitdate> • <unitid countrycode="us" repositorycode="cu-i" • label="Collection number">MS-R72</unitid> • <origination label="Creator"> • <persname rules="aacr2">Egan, Richard, 1842- • 1923</persname> • </origination> • <physdesc label="Extent">

  44. <extent>1 linear foot (1 box)</extent> • </physdesc> • <repository label="Repository"> • <corpname rules="aacr2">University of California, • Irvine. Library. Special Collections and Archives.</corpname> • </repository> • <abstract label="Abstract">Four manuscript survey maps andone plat map depicting areas of Orange County andattributed to the noted surveyor and judge Richard Egan.One map is dated 1878 and 1879 by Egan. The other mapsare undated and unsigned but it is likely that he drewthem during these years. These maps primarily depictsubdivisions of non-rancho tracts of land occupying whatis now Orange County, with the addition of sometopographical details.</abstract> • </did> • </archdesc>

  45. EAD – primer 2 • </eadheader> • <archdesc level="collection" relatedencoding="MARC21"> • <did> • <origination> • <persname source="lcnaf" rules="aacr2" role="creator" encodinganalog="100">Goodwin, George M.</persname> • </origination> • <unittitle encodinganalog="245$a" label="Title: ">Architects’ interviews collection</unittitle> • <unitdate normal="1992/1993" encodinganalog="245$f" type="inclusive" label="Dates: ">1992-1993</unitdate> • <repository encodinganalog="852$a" label="Repository: ">University of Minnesota Libraries. • <subarea>Northwest Architectural Archives, Manuscripts Division [naa]</subarea>

  46. </repository> • <physdesc label="Quantity: "> • <extent encodinganalog="300"> 4 audio cassettes</extent> • <extent>( linear feet)</extent></physdesc> • <abstract encodinganalog="520" label="Abstract: ">Collection includes interviews by George M. Goodwin of four architects: Gunnar Birkerts, Helmut Jahn, Philip Johnson, and Cesar Pelli, who express their opinions on significant examples and influences on 20th century architecture. </abstract> • <unitid encodinganalog="099" countrycode="mnu" repositorycode="MnU" label="Collection Number: ">N 148</unitid> • <langmaterial encodinganalog="546" label="Language: "> <language encodinganalog="041" langcode="eng">English</language> • </langmaterial> • <physloc label="Location: ">Mezzanine</physloc> </did> • <descgrp> • <head>Administrative Information • </head>

  47. <accessrestrict encodinganalog="506"> <head>Restrictions on Access</head> • <p>Available for use in the Manuscripts Division reading room. Advance notice is requested.</p> • </accessrestrict> • <userestrict encodinganalog="540"> • <head>Restrictions on Use</head> • <p>There are no restrictions on the use of materials in this collection. Copies can be requested if the condition of the originals warrants it. </p> • </userestrict> • <prefercite encodinganalog="524"> • <head>Preferred Citation</head> • <p>Architects’ interviews collection (N 148), Northwest Architectural Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries, Minneapolis.</p>

  48. </prefercite> • </descgrp> <scopecontent encodinganalog="520"> <head>Scope and Content Note</head> • <p>The collection is composed of taped interviews made by George M. Goodwin with architects Gunnar Birkerts (Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, December 16, 1993); Helmut Jahn (Chicago, December 21, 1993); Philip Johnson (New York City, July 27. 1992); and Cesar Pelli (New Haven, Connecticut, February 4, 1992). The interviews summarize the life and career of each individual, with comments on their buildings and their approaches to design. Johnson's interview is almost entirely devoted to his opinions of Frank Lloyd Wright's work.</p>

  49. </scopecontent> • <otherfindaid> • <head>Additional Finding Aid</head> • <p>An unpublished finding aid with detailed contents is available in the Manuscripts Division.</p> • </otherfindaid> • <controlaccess> • <head>Index Terms</head> • <p>This collection is indexed under the following headings in the catalog of the University of Minnesota Libraries. Researchers desiring materials about related topics, persons or places should search the catalog using these headings. </p>

  50. <persname encodinganalog="700 1" source="lcnaf" rules="aacr2">Goodwin, George M. </persname> • <persname encodinganalog="600 1" source="lcnaf" rules="aacr2">Birkerts, Gunnar </persname> • <persname encodinganalog="600 1" source="lcnaf" rules="aacr2">Jahn, Helmut, 1940- </persname> • <persname encodinganalog="600 1" source="lcnaf" rules="aacr2">Johnson, Philip, 1906- </persname> • <persname encodinganalog="600 1" source="lcnaf" rules="aacr2">Pelli, Cesar</persname> • <subject encodinganalog="650" source="lcsh">Architecture -- 20th Century</subject> • </controlaccess> • </archdesc> • </ead>

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