1 / 19

BELL WORK

BELL WORK. DEFINE the following Terms Energy Thermodynamics Metabolism Photosynthesis Cellular respiration Adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP). How Organisms Obtain Energy. Chapter 8 Section 1. Main Idea. All living organisms use energy to carry out all biological processes.

tale
Télécharger la présentation

BELL WORK

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. BELL WORK • DEFINE the following Terms • Energy • Thermodynamics • Metabolism • Photosynthesis • Cellular respiration • Adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP)

  2. How Organisms Obtain Energy Chapter 8 Section 1

  3. Main Idea All living organisms use energy to carry out all biological processes

  4. Transformation of Energy • Chemical reactions & processes in your cells are ongoing; constantly using energy • Macromolecules are assembled and broken down • substances are transported across cell membranes • genetic instructions are transmitted

  5. All of these cellular activities require ENERGY—the ability to do work. • Thermodynamics is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe

  6. Laws of Thermodynamics • Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed • Energy cannot be converted without the loss of useable energy • Lost energy is usually converted to thermal energy • Entropy is the measure of disorder, or unusable energy, in a system

  7. Autotrophs • Organisms that make their own food • Can you give an example of an Autotroph?

  8. Autotrophs convert light energy for the sun into chemical energy • These are organisms that perform Photosynthesis • Directly or indirectly nearly all the energy for life comes from the sun

  9. Heterotrophs • Organisms that need to ingest food to obtain energy • Can you give an example of a Heterotroph?

  10. Metabolism • All the chemical reactions that take place in a cell is referred to as the cell’s metabolism

  11. A series of chemical reactions in which the product of one reaction is the substrate for the next reaction is called a metabolic pathway • Catabolic release energy by breaking down large molecules into smaller ones • Anabolic uses energy that is released by the catabolic pathway to build larger molecules from smaller ones

  12. Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis is the anabolic pathway in which light energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2

  13. Cellular Respiration • Cellular Respiration is the catabolic pathway in which organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

  14. ATP: The Unit of Cellular Energy • In living organisms, chemical energy is stored in biological molecules and can be converted into other forms of energy when needed • Adenosine Tri-phosphate (ATP) is the most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy

  15. ATP Structure • ATP is the most abundant energy-carrier molecule in cells • ATP is a nucleotide made of an adenine base, a ribose sugar, and 3 phosphate groups

  16. ATP Function • ATP releases energy when the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate group is broken • This breakage forms adenosine Di-phosphate (ADP)

  17. ATP ADP

  18. HOMEWORK QUESTIONS: Due 9-27-10 • Identify the major source of energy for living organism. • Describe an example of the first law of thermodynamics. • Compare and contrast anabolic and catabolic pathways. • Explain how ATP stores and releases energy

  19. Ticket Out the Door • Explain/Describe how ATP works within a cell.

More Related