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Warm Up: Images Notes: U.S. Enters WWII Closing Activity: Quotes Review

Warm Up: Images Notes: U.S. Enters WWII Closing Activity: Quotes Review. U.S. Prepares for War. ” Cash and Carry “ policy begins Warring nations can purchase US arms if they pay cash & transport the weapons themselves. Axis Powers formed Germany, Italy, & Japan Tripartite Pact

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Warm Up: Images Notes: U.S. Enters WWII Closing Activity: Quotes Review

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  1. Warm Up: ImagesNotes: U.S. Enters WWIIClosing Activity: QuotesReview

  2. U.S. Prepares for War • ”Cash and Carry “ policy begins • Warring nations can purchase US arms if they pay cash & transport the weapons themselves. • Axis Powers formed • Germany, Italy, & Japan Tripartite Pact • Selective Service begins draft process • 16 mil. 21-35 y/o can only serve W. Hemisphere

  3. U.S. Prepares for War • Roosevelt seeks third term • Wins w/55% of the vote • Four Freedoms • State of the Union Address – fundamental freedoms everyone should have on a global scale – speech / expression, religion, from want, from fear

  4. U.S. Prepares for War • Lend-Leasepolicy begun to help supply allies-Arsenal of Democracy • Britain’s defense was vital to the US – must keep the war from spreading; Began sending them to USSR when Hitler invaded. • Atlantic Charter signed between U.S. and Britain • resembles 14 points of Wilson • Brings up the term “United Nations” • Pledges to work toward specific goals.

  5. Hitler’s Mistake • Battle of Britain has stalled • Losing too many planes due to RAF’s use of radar. • June 1941 Germany attacks Russia • Breaks non-aggression treaty – Stalin begins to organize.

  6. Hitler’s Mistake • Early success but then stalemate • Soviet Union’s Army was able to mobilize faster than expected. (Lend Lease Act has supplies to Russia) • Russian winter sets in and halts advance • Hitler thought he’d control the USSR well before the seasons changed. • Now war is on two fronts

  7. U.S. enters the War • U.S. has embargo on Japan for actions of aggression in the Pacific • Japan is pushing to claim unprotected French, Dutch, and British colonies in Asia – Embargo includes oil that Japan needs to continue in the war.

  8. U.S. enters the War • U.S. had warning of a possible Japanese attack somewhere • Warnings sent out to Hawaii, Guam, & the Phillipines by FDR – Japan and US are in peace talks, Dec 6 message of Japan ending the talks – US waits for Japan’s move.

  9. U.S. enters the War • Dec. 7th, 1941 Pearl Harbor is attacked • Largest US Naval base in the Pacific • “day that will live in infamy” • 2 hrs – killed 2403, wounded 1178. • Sunk or damaged 21 ships / (including 8 battleships) and damaged or destroyed 300 airplanes. • U.S. declares war on Japan and then Germany, Italy declare war on U.S. • Even isolationists are prepared for an all out war.

  10. Americans in the Service • Millions volunteered and millions more were drafted • Even w/5 mil volunteers, a draft was necessary for a two front war; 10 mil drafted • GI’s went to basic training for 8 weeks • Attention, march in step, handle a rifle, follow orders, sleep in the mud, tie a knot, kill a man, deal w/mental issues – exhaustion, loneliness, misery.

  11. Americans in the Service • Women’s Auxiliary Corps • thousands volunteered • Women serving in noncombat positions – nurses, ambulance drivers, radio operators, electricians, pilots, etc. If it wasn’t direct combat, women could do it. • Minorities served in segregated units • Tuskegee Airmen – fought in Italy against the German Luftwaffe – won two Distinguished Unit Citations (highest recommendation) for aerial combat

  12. Life on the Home Front • War Production Board • industries were retooled to make war materials • Every industry in the US transitioned to something for the war. Shipping yards started to build carriers in 4 days.

  13. Life on the Home Front • Scientists are mobilized • OSRD – Office of Scientific Research and Development • radar, sonar, penicillin, atomic bomb (Manhattan Project)

  14. Life on the Home Front • Pesticides to keep away bugs (body lice). Initial studies on Uranium (to keep up w/Germany were done at Columbia University in Manhattan. Code name when project was officially underway.

  15. Life on the Home Front • women stepped into many war materials jobs

  16. Life on the Home Front • “Rosie the Riveter” • 6 mil – proved they could operate welding torches and riveting guns – will earn 60% $ men do on the same job.

  17. Life on the Home Front • Entertainment propaganda • newsreels

  18. Life on the Home Front

  19. Life on the Home Front

  20. Life on the Home Front

  21. Life on the Home Front

  22. Life on the Home Front

  23. Government Control • Inflation controlled by price freezes • On most goods – no change in sale price. Industries switch to war products meant fewer consumer goods. • many products rationed to conserve resources • Ration books w/coupons for buying scarce products – meat, shoes, sugar, coffee, and gasoline.

  24. Government Control • income taxes increased • And expanded so more were paying taxes which lowers consumer demand (less money to spend). • War Bonds sold • Encouraged to use their extra cash to support the war effort.

  25. Government Control • Japanese Internment • Removal of individuals of Japanese Ancestry from CA, WA, OR, AZ – 110,000 in US, 1,444 in Hawaii. • Korematsu v. United States • discriminatory policy??? • Justified on the basis of military necessity. • Eventually reparations would be paid (1990)

  26. “I have said not once, but many times, that I have seen war and I hate war…” Franklin Roosevelt, September 1939 “I do not believe that we can become an arsenal for one belligerent without becoming a target for another,” Senator Arthur Vandenberg, 1939 “Yesterday, December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy, the Japanese launched an unprovoked and dastardly attack on American soil.” President Franklin Roosevelt Quotes

  27. “We are now in this war. We are all in it- all the way.” Franklin Roosevelt “Just carve on my tombstone,’Here lies a black man killed fighting a yellow man for the protection of a white man.’” African American after being drafted “Organized power can be opposed only by organized power. Much as I regret this, there is no other way.” Albert Einstein “You fought not only the enemy, you fought prejudice- and you won.” President Harry Truman to the soldiers of the all Nisei 442 Regiment Quotes

  28. Quiz

  29. Name given to the US policy of loaning military supplies in exchange for land leases around the globe?

  30. This was the agreement signed between the US and Britain which made Germany the priority enemy?

  31. Hitler’s largest mistake was his invasion of what?

  32. Name the date of Pearl Harbor?

  33. Name squadron of black servicemen who served with great distinction in the bomber escort groups of WW II?

  34. She symbolized the efforts of women back home trying to produce for the war?

  35. Name the policy of limiting the availability of goods in order to force the people to conserve resources?

  36. Name the famous Supreme Court case in which the court ruled that the internment of Japanese Americans was legal at the time?

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