Unit 3 Keeping Fit

1. Unit 3 Keeping Fit • By Quan Lihong • Oct. 12, 2008

2. Learning Objectives • Section One--It’s Never too Late to Start Exercising • To discuss the correlation between physical exercise and health • Section Two--Healthy Weight • To increase the awareness of obesity problems Section Three--Eating the Right Things • To talk about how to eat a well-balanced diet

3. Ⅰ Lead-in • Warm-up • Pair Work • A. The following are three groups of words we can use to describe people of different builds. Study the words with your partner and choose the appropriate word (s) to describe each cartoon below. • Big: stout, tubby, chunky, plump, chubby, fat, fleshy, overweight, obese • Small: slim, slender, thin, lean, skinny, skeleton, underweight • Medium-build：fit, muscular, strong, robust

5. Big People = Overweight • “Obese”– the medical term for someone who is seriously overweight • “Fat”– a good description, but not a polite term to use with the person • “Stout”– an old fashioned term, used to describe elderly people

6. Overweight • Polite terms – “chubby”“plump”“rolly-polly” These say the similar thing, but in a more ‘friendly, jokingly’ way. tubby: shortish and fattish chubby: slightly fat plump: ( of parts of the body) nicely rounded fleshy: fat c.f. fleshy cheeks

7. Healthy Weight • “Strong” (for a male) • “Fit” (for either male or female) • “Hard body” (for a male) • “Well built” (for male or female) • “Muscular” (for male) • “robust” (for male)

8. Tiny People = Underweight • “slim” - a polite term • “skinny”– an impolite term • “skinny as a rail” - as above • A skinny bone • “thin”– A general word, but not as good as slim. When one wishes to say that someone is thin in a polite way, the best words are slim or slender. • “skeleton”– should not be used when the person is present. • lean: very thin

9. B. Work in pairs and try to brainstorm as many benefits of exercise as possible. • (Please refer to the key on P.171 of the textbook) Exercise helps you to think more clearly. Exercise helps reduce tension and stress. _________________________________________ ....... Benefits of Exercise

10. Ⅱ Listen and Speak • Section One • Task 1 Listening in • Dialogue—talking about weight problems • Directions: Listen to the dialogue and fill in the missing information(P.39). • Useful words and expressions: • Fitness craze • Calorie: a measure of heat • --Listen while dictating the questions • --listen while catching the missing information

11. Section One • Monologue--Checking Your Target Heart Rate • Directions: Listen to the monologue. Work out your own target heart rate. Then rearrange the steps to check the intensity of your workout so that it is in proper order.

12. New words • workout: a period of physical exercise or training (非正式）锻炼；锻炼时间 • pulse: the regular beating of blood through the body, which can be left in particular parts of the body 脉搏 • target heart rate:pre-determined pulse to be obtained during exercise when circulation is working at full efficient capacities

13. Section One • Your own target heart rate: • 160- _____ = ______ beats per minute • (your age) • 190- _____= ______ beats per minute • ( your age) • Your own target heart rate is between _____ and _____ beats per minute.

14. Section One • Task 2 speaking out • Role-play • Make up short conversations based on the following roles and situations. Try to use the expressions offered. • More useful words and expressions: • Body building exercise 健身运动 • Gymnasium /gym 健身房 • Gymnastic instrument 健身器材 • Weight loss class 减肥班

15. *Extra activity • Do some exercises to relax yourself 1. squeeze your eyes tight; 2. move your hips gently; 3. shake your shoulders gently; 4. curl your knees up to the stomach; 5. stretch out your limbs and sit up.

16. Section Two Healthy Weight • Task 1 listening in • Listening--News Report 1--Fighting Obesity • Listen to the news and do the exercises on P.42.

17. Word tips • Portion: n. a quantity of food for one person as served in a restaurant (食物的)一份; 一客 • Mushroom: vi. to grow and develop fast 雨后春笋般地发展 • Obese: adj. very fat 过度肥胖的 • Obesity n. the state of being very fat 过度肥胖; 【医】肥胖症

18. Section Two Healthy Weight • Task 2 Speakingout • A Survey and Discuss • 1. Work out your own BMI, and then check the table on page 43 to see which category you belong to.

19. BMI categories • BMI equals a person’s weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. • formula: BMI=kg/m2 • Underweight = <18.5 • Normal weight = 18.5-24.9 • Overweight = 25-29.9 • Obesity = BMI of 30 or greater

20. Section Two Healthy Weight 2. Work in groups and discuss the following questions: 1. Do you have a healthy BMI? 2. Are you trying to gain or lose weight?

21. people of different builds • Underweight

22. people of different builds • Normal Weight

23. people of different builds • overweight

24. people of different builds

25. Section Two Healthy Weight • B Group Discussion • Work in groups of four to discuss the following question. Write your answers in the chart below. • What factors can lead to obesity? • Or what causes weight gain?

26. Reference materials • Weight change=calories in-calories out • If you burn as many calories as you take in each day, there’s nothing left for storage in fat cells and weight remains the same. Eat more than you burn, though, and you end up adding fat and pounds. Many things influence what and when you eat and how many calories you burn. These turn what seems to be a straightforward pathway to excess weight in to a complex journey that may start very early in life. • For further information, please refer to enrichment reading and the article “What factors can lead to obesity?”

29. Section Three Eating the Right Things • Task 1 Listening in • News Report 2—McDonald’s menu • Listen to the news and do the exercises on p. 45-46.

30. Word Tips • Downsize: vi. to get smaller in size 小型化 • Lawsuit: n. a noncriminal case in a court of law 诉讼( 尤指非刑事案件) • Conscience: n. an inner sense that knows the difference between right and wrong, judges one’s actions according to moral laws, and makes one feel guilty, good, evil, etc. 良知；良心

31. Super Size Me • The documentary mentioned in the news is “Supersize Me.” • In Super Size Me, filmmaker Spurlock clarifies the American obesity epidemic by interviewing experts nationwide and by subjecting himself to a “McDonald's only” diet for thirty days straight. He tries to give nutritional education to the public by warning the whole nation that we are eating ourselves to death.

32. Section Three Eating the Right Things *Extra activity: watch the movie Super Size Me After watching answer the questions below: 1) How many Americans eat fast food at least everyday? 2) What did a few Americans do in 2002 when they got fed up with being overweight? 3) What does “ Golden Arches” refer to?

33. Typical fast Food

34. Food in McDonald’s

35. Chicken fingers; chicken nuggets; sundae

36. Section Three Eating the Right Things • Task 2 Speaking out • A Food Journal • Directions: For 3 days, make a list of foods that you eat. Write what you have for breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks. Then look at the “Food Guide Pyramid” (It shows how much of each type of food you should eat each day). Then, with a partner, discuss the questions below. • 1. Are you eating healthily? • 2. If not, what foods should you eat more of? Less of?

37. Section Three Eating the Right Things • Task 1 Listening--News Report 2—McDonald’s menu • Directions: Listen to the news and finish the exercise on p.45-46.

38. Section Three Eating the Right Things • Word Tips • Downsize: vi. to get smaller in size 小型化 • Lawsuit: n. a noncriminal case in a court of law 诉讼( 尤指非刑事案件) • Conscience n. an inner sense that knows the difference between right and wrong, judges one’s actions according to moral laws, and makes one feel guilty, good, evil, etc. 良知；良心

39. Section Three Eating the Right Things

40. Section Three Eating the Right Things • B. Survey • Directions: Do the fast food questionnaire on p. 48.

41. Section Three Eating the Right Things • C Project Work • 1. Setting up a restaurant of your own! • Directions: Form smaller groups of six, and try to set up an international chain restaurant with some typical Chinese food. Unlike the foods found in McDonald’s and KFC, your restaurant offers more healthy choices. The information of the restaurant should include at least the name and brand, the location, the original investment, the number of staff, the slogan and so on. Try to think of some fancy names for the menu. • 2. Directions: Do some research to find out “Why are McDonald’s and KFC shrinking in America, but becoming so successful in China?”

42. Ⅲ Speaking Skills—Intonation and Stress (II) • Intonation and Stress - Key to Understanding and Being Understood (II) • first of all, you need to understand which words we generally stress and which we do not stress. Basically, • CONTENT WORDS are stressed, such as: • • Nouns e.g. kitchen, Peter • • (most) principal verbs e.g. visit, construct • • Adjectives e.g. beautiful, interesting • • Adverbs e.g. often, carefully • Non-stressed words are considered FUNCTION WORDS, such as: • • Determiners e.g. the, a, some, a few • • Auxiliary verbs e.g. don't, am, can, were • • Prepositions e.g. before, next to, opposite • • Conjunctions e.g. but, while, as • • Pronouns e.g. they, she, us

43. Ⅳ Further Listening • Listen to the news and do the exercise on P. 50.

44. Word Tips • Stroke: n. a sudden illness that damages a part of the brain and can cause loss of the ability to move some parts of the body 中风 • cellular: adj. of, containing, or consisting of cells 细胞的；由细胞组成的 • Chromosome: n. a threadlike body found in all living cells, which passes on and controls the nature, character, etc. of a young plant, animals, or cell 【生】染色体 • Telomere n. 【生】端粒(在染色体端位上的着丝点) • Physiotherapist n. a doctor who uses exercise, rubbing, heat, etc., in the treatment of disease • Spandex: n. a fabric made of or containing fibers with elastic properties【纺】斯潘德克斯；氨纶 (一种合成弹性纤维或其织物)

45. More Exercises

46. Ⅴ Enrichment Reading • Why We Are Fat? • By Steven E. Landsberg • 在今天的美国，肥胖已经成为一种很普遍的社会现象，是什么导致肥胖的人越来越多呢？本文用轻松诙谐的笔调，从食品业、消费心理、科技进步、收入水平，乃至吸烟习惯等方面入手，分析了问题的症结所在。