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Community Policing and Customer Care for Tanzania Police Force

Community Policing and Customer Care for Tanzania Police Force . 2-6/11/09 ESAMI BY GEORGE KAINJA SACP O/C COMMUNITY POLICING SERVICES BRANCH MALAWI POLICE SERVICE. Community Policing at work in Malawi. Community Policing at work in Malawi. SCOPE. Introduction

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Community Policing and Customer Care for Tanzania Police Force

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  1. Community Policing and Customer Care for Tanzania Police Force 2-6/11/09 ESAMI BY GEORGE KAINJA SACP O/C COMMUNITY POLICING SERVICES BRANCH MALAWI POLICE SERVICE

  2. Community Policing at work in Malawi

  3. Community Policing at work in Malawi

  4. SCOPE • Introduction • What is Community Policing (cp) • Understanding the Community • Community Policing versus Community Police • The key principles and practices of community Policing

  5. SCOPE Continued.. • Rationale for Community Policing • Implementation of Community Policing • The Malawi Model of CP • Advantages of cp

  6. OBJECTIVES • To define community policing • Explain the Rationale for Community Policing • To share the key principles and practices f community Policing • To discuss models of policing that forms the foundation of community Policing.

  7. Objectives Continued… • To discuss community policing as compared to community Police • Discuss the implementation of Community Policing • Discuss the Malawi Model of Community Policing ( as compared to Tanzania Model) • List the advantages of Community Poling

  8. Introduction and Ground Setting • What is the Mission of TPF? • What is the Vision of the TPF? • What are the key objectives of the TPF? • What are the key pillars of the TPF? • The TPF model of Community Policing-Concept, Rationale, implementation and challenges

  9. WHAT IS COMMUNITY POLICING? • This is a philosophy that recognizes the interdependence and shared responsibility of the police and the community • Aims at establishing active and equal partnership between the police and the public

  10. COMMUNITY POLICING cont… • This is a management style or organizational strategy that promotes pro-active problem solving and police – community partnership

  11. POLICING CONCEPTS • There are two policing concepts related to Community Policing, namely: • Problem Oriented Policing • Crime Prevention

  12. PROBLEM ORIENTED POLICING • This is a style of policing which emphasizes use of problem solving techniques as a basis for more effective police response to repetitive crime related problems • This is a method aiming at involving the community in solving crime related issues

  13. CRIME PREVENTION • This is a pattern of attitudes and behaviors influencing action directed at reducing the threat of crime and enhancing the sense of safety

  14. FIVE FACTORS JUSTIFYING THE LINKAGES BETWEEN THE TWO CONCEPTS • Crime prevention and community policing share a common purpose of making the public safer and communities healthier • Crime prevention offers information and skills that are essential to community policing • Crime prevention and community policing have great potential for enriching each other

  15. FIVE FACTORS cont…. • Crime prevention responsibilities maybe located within the police station • Thoughtful planned actions that carefully nurture a core of crime can substantially benefit the transition to community policing

  16. PRINCIPLES OF CRIME PREVENTION • Everyone’s business • More than security • A responsibility of all levels of Government • Linked with solving social problems • Cost effective • A central position in law enforcement

  17. PRINCIPLES OF CRIME PREVENTION cont….. • Active co-operation among all elements of the community • Education • Tailoring local needs and conditions • Continual monitoring and evaluation in order to achieve better results • The quality of life for every community member

  18. THE DIFFERENCE IN METHODOLOGY BETWEEN PROBLEM ORIENTED POLICING AND CRIME PREVENTION • Problem – oriented policing requires a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the nature, causes and symptoms of a particular problem. • Problem-oriented policing specifically seeks to address the cause of a particular problem while traditional crime prevention has a more superficial focus

  19. DIFFERENCES IN METHODOLOGY cont…. • Problem-oriented policing seeks to develop problem-specific solutions in contrast with the traditional approach towards crime prevention • Problem-oriented policing emphasizes the importance o solutions which consist of short, medium and long term initiatives

  20. DIFFERENCES IN METHODOLOGY cont…. • Problem-oriented policing often has a broader vision with regard to the instruments that can be used to solve problems • Problem-oriented policing places emphasis on the quality of solutions as opposed to the quantity of programs being implemented

  21. RATIONALE FOR COMMUNITY POLICING • Police are dependent on citizens to report crime • To provide information that identifies suspects • To provide testimony that results in convictions

  22. CHALLENGES IN THE PROVISION OF TRADITIONAL POLICE SERVICES • A growing demand for more responsive and customer oriented policing • A socio-economic environment which is conducive to crime • A greater demand for greater police accountability

  23. CHALLENGES cont…. • Existence of unrealistic expectations on the part of communities regarding the effectiveness of traditional police response such as rapid response to calls, patrols etc • Growing shortcomings of the traditional policing approaches in providing long term answers to crime an problems of disorder

  24. CHALLENGES cont….. • The growing realization by the police that they can neither have enough money, human resources, better technology nor more authority to enable them to shoulder the heavy burden of crime • The growing trend of democratization where the police personnel want actively participate in determining and managing their future

  25. THE KEY PRINCIPLES OF CP • The five eggs model 1.Partnership 2.Mobilization 3.Participation 4.Accountability 5.Local Democratic Policing

  26. KEY PRINCIPLES OF CP Cont.. • The role of the police officer becomes that of a peace officer rather than that of a law enforcement officer involved solely in crime control • Community policing involves a proactive approach to law enforcement and maintenance of public order • Community policing follows a more problem-oriented approach

  27. PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY POLICING cont…. • Community policing requires a broader police response to underlying causes of problems • Community policing requires community partnership • Police officers must become information managers

  28. PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY POLICING cont…. • Police officers must provide leadership at the community level on issues pertaining to crime prevention and public safety • Community policing requires knowledge of available community resources and how to access and mobilize them and ability to develop new resources within the community

  29. PRINCPLES OF COMMUNITY POLICING cont…. • Community policing recognizes the need for decent realization of the management of services and operations to front line officers • Community policing demands the relaxation of the traditional paramilitary structure and culture of police services to more open, creative, innovative and participatory working environment

  30. PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY POLICING cont…. • The police service needs to deliver a user friendly and customer oriented service to its clients • Community policing requires shared ownership, shared decision-making and accountability • Community policing requires constant flexibility to respond to emerging issues

  31. PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY POLICING cont… • Community policing requires commitment to developing new skills through training • Community policing requires monitoring and regular evaluation in order to improve practice and achieve good results

  32. UNDERSTANDING THE COMMUNITY • Community refers to a group of people who share common culture, values, interests and aspirations and live in a particular geographical locality. • There are two types of communities: rural and urban

  33. UNDERSTANDING THE COMMUNITY cont… • Analysis of community in terms of urban and rural is important because each requires particular strategies and tactics for creating effective partnership and for exchanging vital information in order for the police to render a broad range of services

  34. A RURAL COMMUNITY • A group of people who live in villages or the country side. They earn their living from the land • A rural community is quite small does not have more than 200 people. • Rural communities are usually poorer than urban communities because many are unemployed or self-employed or employed in low paying jobs

  35. RURAL COMMUNITY cont… • Nearly all households in rural communities do not have electricity, water closet toilets and tapped water they rely on communal tapped water or boreholes or rivers/lakes

  36. AN URBAN COMMUNITY • It is not as closely knit as a rural community • Although people are crowded next to each other, their lives are not closely bund together • People have a weak sense of belonging and have very little obligation to support each other

  37. URBAN COMMUNITY cont…. • Unlike in rural communities, people in urban communities are not bound together by traditional power structures

  38. IMPLEMENTING COMMUNITY POLICING • There are several approaches to the implementation of Cp and most of them are situational in nature. • Most importantly the approach must be tailor made to answer the needs and expectations of a particular country/police organization/ region/ district etc

  39. Key Considerations in implementing Cp • Identification and training of resource persons/facilitators/coordinators • Cp Policy/Guidelines • Institutional implementation structure • Police officers training and sensitization

  40. Key Considerations in implementing CP Continued.. • Community training and sensitization • Setting up of Cp Structures • Identification and engagement of cooperating partners ( for support) • Monitoring and evaluation

  41. MALAWI MODEL OF CP • In Malawi community policing is managed and coordinated at the National Police Headquarters in Lilongwe • At each of the four police regions there is a Regional Coordinator • At district level, there is a Station Coordinator

  42. COMMUNITY POLICING STRUCTURE CPSB HEADQUARTERS REGIONAL COORDINATOR STATION COORDINATOR Schools outreach And Youth involvement Child protection Victim Support Services Social crime Prevention and Reduction Community Safety and partnership Information Good practice Database

  43. SUPERVISOR AND LEADERSHIP ROLES IN CP • Leadership very key to community policing success • In fact Leadership is one of the Key determinants of Cp Success • Community Policing leadership must be at all levels of Policing- Top down to the bottom

  44. THE KEY DETERMINATS OF CP • Studies on Community Policing in Malawi shows that there are four key determinants of Community Policing Success as follows: (1)Top Management Leadership, (2)Region/Station Management Leadership, (3)Community Policing Coordinators/Police officers Motivation and Commitment (4)CPF/Community Motivation,

  45. Supervisory and Leadership Roles of Police officers in general • Observation of human rights and humanitarian law • Initiating and sustaining partnership • Guiding the community on safety and security issues • Policing according to community needs • Supervising safety and security initiatives

  46. Supervisory and Leadership Roles cont…. • Identifying and solving community problems in consultation with communities • Providing safety and security sensitization • Designing crime prevention strategies in consultation with the public • Reassuring victims of crime • Train members of the public on basic security laws, good policing practices, child protection and victim support services

  47. ROLES OF REGIONAL COORDINATORS • Represent the Regional Commissioner at all community policing oriented forums • Provide constant feedback to the regional commissioners, steering committee, regional management team, regional executive forum and regional executive committee

  48. ROLES OF REGIONAL COORDINATORS cont…. • Source any information on community policing as may be required by management and stakeholders • Develop relations with other regions and regional bodies by sharing common goals • Prepare work plans of the region on monthly and annual basis

  49. ROLES cont…. • Submit monthly and annual reports • Monitor and evaluate the implementation of regional and stations community policing action plans • Provide guidance to all station coordinators

  50. ROLES cont…. • Assist in the dissemination of human rights friendly practices • Ensure that there is adequate involvement of all police officers and members of the community in the development and implementation of community policing plans

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