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PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

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PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

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  1. In 182 B.C. …[ while still at war], Eumenes founded a great new Panhellenic cultural festival at Pergamon, called the Nikephoria, in honor of Athena.  To enhance the inauguration of this festival, the sanctuary of Athena on the acropolis was expanded and refurbished, and the terrace on which the great altar of Zeus was to be built was laid out.  Most probably these constructions were the first steps in an overall building program that Eumenes and his architects had begun to formulate at the end of the Bithynian war and that was to continue for forty years. In the end it was to bring an external grandeur to Pergamon that was matched by no other Hellenistic city. Even today, when its history is largely forgotten, the physical remains of the city are widely studied and admired."  The Sculpture of Pergamon. P. 82 Architect/sculptors: Epigonos, Antigonos, Pyromachus, Stratonikos Supervise 40 sculptors from around the Aegean, including Athens, Rhodes, Delos, and Pergamon in the creation of 100 figures in a frieze running around the outside of the building's base. The frieze's subject matter can be construed as a "Gigantomachy": the battle between the Olympic gods and the earlier generations of Giants (Gaia and Ouranos' multiple offspring). The base of the altar is surmounted by an ionic colonnade; the roof was potentially decorated with animal figures.  Around the sacrificial altar itself, a second smaller frieze depicts the adventures of Telephos, an ancestor of Eumenes, linking him to heroic and divine origins through Hercules, Dionysus, and Zeus.

  2. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  3. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  4. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  5. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  6. ALTAR OF ZEUS, PERGAMON

  7. ALTAR OF ZEUS, PERGAMON

  8. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  9. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  10. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  11. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  12. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  13. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  14. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  15. PERGAMON ACROPOLIS

  16. EAST FRIEZE From L--> R Hecate & Clytius, Artemis & Eros, Leto & Tityos, Apollo, Udaios & Ephialtes, Demeter, Hera, the Winds, Heracles, Zeus & Porphyrion, Athena & Alkyoneus, Gaia, Nike, Ares

  17. EAST : ZEUS

  18. EAST : ZEUS

  19. EAST : ZEUS

  20. EAST : ATHENA

  21. EAST : PORPHYRION

  22. EAST: HECATE

  23. EAST : OTOS

  24. EAST : NIKE

  25. EAST

  26. EAST : EPHIALTES?

  27. EAST : CLYTIUS

  28. EAST

  29. EAST : CLYTIUS

  30. EAST

  31. NORTH FRIEZE From L--> R Aphrodite, Eros, Dione, Phobos, Deimos, Orion, Enyo, Erinyes? the Fates, gorgons, and Triton

  32. CURRENT CONDITION RECREATED NORTH

  33. CURRENT CONDITION RECREATED NORTH

  34. NORTH : GORGONS & TRITON

  35. NORTH : GORGONS

  36. NORTH : DEIMOS & ORION

  37. NORTH : APHRODITE & EROS NORTH

  38. NORTH : APHRODITE & EROS

  39. NORTH : FATES

  40. NORTH : GORGONS

  41. NORTH : GORGONS NORTH

  42. NORTH : EROS

  43. NORTH : GORGONS

  44. NORTH : GORGONS NORTH

  45. NORTH : GORGONS NORTH

  46. NORTH

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