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Blazars @  -ray and other frequencies

P. Giommi Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. Blazars @  -ray and other frequencies. Blazars and the AGN paradigm. AGN : Two main categories Dominated by accretion - disk emission - AP-AGN Dominated by Non-Thermal radiation - jet emission - NT-AGN Blazars:

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Blazars @  -ray and other frequencies

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  1. P. Giommi Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Blazars @-ray and other frequencies

  2. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Blazars and the AGN paradigm AGN : Two main categories • Dominated by accretion - disk emission - AP-AGN • Dominated by Non-Thermal radiation - jet emission - NT-AGN Blazars: NT-AGN viewed at a small angle w.r.t. jet axis Radio Galaxies: NT-AGN viewed at a large angle w.r.t. jet axis Broad-line radio galaxies (e.g. 3c120) : A combination of AP-AGN and “mis-directed” NT-AGN

  3. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST 3C 279 : a Low energy peaked Blazar (LBL)

  4. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST MKN 421 : a High energy peaked BL Lac (HBL)

  5. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST

  6. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST AP-AGN (accretion onto SMBH) Radio Galaxies non-thermal emission Stars+Galaxies (black body)

  7. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Courtesy of P. Padovani GLAST energy band

  8. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST

  9. The giant flare of 3C454.3 in spring 2005 The SED of 3C454.3 and the Swift-BAT lightcurve in May-June 2005. ( Giommi et al. 2006, A&A, 456, 911)

  10. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST A multi-frequency catalog of all known blazars Catalog of confirmed literature blazars. Compiled in support to AGILE and GLAST missions Massaro et al. 2007. Currently covers 0 < R.A. < 16 hrs : 1510 objects > 2000 objects when complete (~ end 2007)

  11. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Blazars @ -wave frequenciesthe 3-year WMAP data Bright foreground source catalog WMAP CMB fluctuation map 323 bright sources • 194 FSRQs • 38 BL Lacs • 30 Radio galaxies • 15 Steep sp. QSO • 2 starburst galaxies • 2 planetary nebule • 41 unidentified The large majority of bright WMAP foreground sources are blazars or radio galaxies Planck will be in a vey similar situation to that of GLAST - LAT (thousands of deteced blazars + contribution to unresolved flux).

  12. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST CMB spectrum contaminationGiommi & Colafrancesco 2004 A&A 414,7, Giommi et al. 2006 A&A 445, 843

  13. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST 2007 A&A, 468, 571 All microwave selected blazars are X-ray sources.

  14. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST A complete,-wave flux limitedsample of blazars Based on WMAP 3-year catalog All sources with F_41 GHz > 1 Jy Cleaned for source confusion 166 objects altogether 112 confirmed FSRQ 22 Confirmed BL Lacs 6 confirmed blazars, not clear if FSRQs or BL Lacs 13 radio galaxies 7 still optically unidentified (all with blazar-like SED)

  15. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Best fit slope -1.67 A complete,-wave flux limitedsample of blazarsPreliminary results LogN-LogS All blazars

  16. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST A complete,-wave flux limitedsample of blazarsPreliminary results Cosmological evolution FSRQs <V/Vm> = 0.65 +/- 0.027 BL Lacs <V/Vm> = 0.54 +/- 0.062 M=0.3,=0.7 cosmology

  17. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST A complete,-wave flux limitedsample of blazarsPreliminary results Luminosity function FSRQs

  18. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Swift XRT serendipitous sources in GRBs pointigs :the “perfect” serendipitous survey ~1 blazar/field expected with radio flux > 10 mJy!

  19. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Swift XRT serendipitous survey in GRB deep fields status as of end of April 2007 209 deep (4x104-6x105 seconds) GRB exposures analyzed ~15,500 sources detected with positional uncertainty of 4-6 arscecs. 143 fields are at |bII| > 20 : ~11,500 sources 242 radio/X-ray matches (blazar candidates)

  20. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST

  21. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST

  22. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Blazar contribution to the extragalactic X and -ray background GLAST bandpass

  23. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST

  24. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Max EGRET Min EGRET

  25. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Dark matter-blazar angular power spectrumAndo Komatsu Narumoto & Totani 2007 Astro-ph/0612467, Colafrancesco & Giommi 2007, in preparation. Blazars Dark matter GLAST expected signal

  26. XRT data BeppoSAX High energy peaked BL Lacs (HBL)Tramacere et al. 2007, A&A 467, 501 UVOT data SED of MRK 421 in 2005: large changes in luminosity and peak energy. SED of 1H1100 – 230 observed on 30 June (blue) and 13 July 2005 (red). BeppoSAX 1997 and 1998 data are shown as open symbols.

  27. High energy peaked BL Lacs (HBL) SED of 1ES 1553+113 observed on 20 April (red), 6 Octobe (blue), and 8 October 2005 (green) SED of 1ES 1959+650 (19 April 2005)

  28. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST May 1999 MKN421 in a bright state: the BeppoSAX observation of May 2000 Massaro, Perri, Giommi, Nesci, 2004 A&A

  29. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Log parabolic photon spectra can be explained as due to Synchrotron radiation from a log-parabolic particle distribution (Massaro et al. 2004a A&A 413, 489, 2004b, A&A 422,103) SSC from a log parabolic electron distribution (Massaro et al. 2005, in press)

  30. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST

  31. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Massaro et al. 2006 A&A 448,861.

  32. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST High-power HBLs ? Giommi et al. 2007A&A 468, 97 ROXA J081009.9+384757.0 is a z = 3.95 Blazar with HBL-like radio/X-ray SED fx/fr ~ 5x10-11 erg/cm2/s/Jy Recent Swift observations showed that the X-ray luminosity of the QSO is larger than 1047 erg/s. The SED is consistent with two possibilities New type of blazar Very high power HBL See also IGR J2251+2218, Bassani et al. 2007, submitted INTEGRAL discovered z=3.668 blazar with fx/fr ~ 2x1010 erg/cm2/s/Jy

  33. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST Rosat SDSS data NVSS High-power HBLs !The case of BZB J1456+5048 (Z=0.479)Rosat luminosity ~ 5x1046 erg/s SDSS optical spectrum

  34. Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio AGILE e GLAST High-power HBLs !The case of BZB J1456+5048. Swift data. GLAST energy band

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