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Empires of the World in 1500 CE

Empires of the World in 1500 CE. Outline. European Kingdoms Africa (Songhai state) Gunpowder States (Ottomans, Safavids , Mughals ) Asia (China & Japan) American Civilizations (Aztecs, Inca) Trade Networks / Product Origins. European Kingdoms. Holy Roman Empire

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Empires of the World in 1500 CE

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  1. Empires of the World in 1500 CE

  2. Outline • European Kingdoms • Africa (Songhai state) • Gunpowder States (Ottomans, Safavids, Mughals) • Asia (China & Japan) • American Civilizations (Aztecs, Inca) • Trade Networks / Product Origins

  3. European Kingdoms • Holy Roman Empire • Location: Northern Italy and German States • Close ties to the Catholic Church • Ruled by the Hapsburgs (Charles V)

  4. France • Wins 100 Years War • Emerges as most powerful continental nation state under the Capetian dynasty

  5. England • Norman Conquest results in Anglo-Saxon/French culture • Loss in 100 Years War ends British claim to the continent • Henry VIII (a Tudor King) is the current ruler • Parliament controls the money

  6. Spain • Reconquista reestablishes Christian European dominance over Moors (Muslims) • Spanish Armada is major force • Beginning exploration of theAmericas

  7. Russia • Ivan III unites Ruscovite principalities • Overthrows Mongols • Russian Orthodox culture

  8. Africa • Songhai • Controlled the Gold-Salt trade • Islamic religion • Timbuktu: Islamic Cultural Center and city

  9. Ottoman Empire • Ottomans (Today’s Turks) • Conquer Byzantines in 1453 (Constantinople becomes Istanbul) • Empire on 3 continents (Asia, Europe and Africa) united by Islam • Take Balkans up to Vienna • Sunni Muslims • Trade in coffee and ceramics

  10. Decline of the Ottomans • Decline of the Ottoman Empire • 1798-1920 • Nation state of Turkey emerges

  11. Safavid Empire (Persian) • Location=Southwest Asia (Iran today) • Religion=Islam (Shi’ite/Shi’a) • Silk Trade

  12. Palace at Isfahan

  13. Mughal Empire • Location= North and Central Indian subcontinent • Religion=Islam, but the people are mostly Hindu • Establish trade with Europeans along SW coast (Portuguese, English, Dutch)

  14. Emperor Shah Jahan built the TajMahalin 1629

  15. Ming Empire (China) • Overthrow Mongols • Explorations of Admiral Zheng He • Beijing and Forbidden City • Establish European trade enclaves to limit outside influences

  16. Ming Empire in 1580 CE

  17. Tokugawa Shogunate (Japan) • Tokugawa Shogunate unifies feudal Japan (Muskets) • Social Pyramid :Emperor, Shogun, Daimyo, Samurai, Peasants (strict) • Isolationist (Act of Seclusion)

  18. Feudal Society

  19. Aztec Empire • Location= Central Mexico • Capital city=Tenochtitlan

  20. Tenochtitlan

  21. Inca Empires • Location= western South America • Capital city=Cuzco

  22. Inca and Aztec • Society=hierarchical, led by Emperor • Religion= polytheism, included human sacrifice • Depended on tribute from surrounding states

  23. Trade Goods • Asia: Paper, Compass, Silk, Porcelain • India: Textiles, # System, Spices, Gems • Middle East: Astronomy, Medicines, Mathematics (al jabr) • Africa: Ivory and Gold

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