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Election of 1824 & John Quincy Adams

Election of 1824 & John Quincy Adams. Election of 1824. Four leading Democratic Republicans: John Quincy Adams, Secretary of State under Monroe Henry Clay: Speaker of the House of Representatives, man behind American System Andrew Jackson: War hero from Tennessee William Crawford: Georgia

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Election of 1824 & John Quincy Adams

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  1. Election of 1824 & John Quincy Adams

  2. Election of 1824 • Four leading Democratic Republicans: • John Quincy Adams, Secretary of State under Monroe • Henry Clay: Speaker of the House of Representatives, man behind American System • Andrew Jackson: War hero from Tennessee • William Crawford: Georgia • Preferred candidate during the caucus in Congress • Caucus: a closed meeting of party members for the purpose of choosing a candidate

  3. Candidates

  4. John Quincy Adams • Son of John Adams (2nd President) • Politician • Professor • Diplomat • Secretary of State under James Monroe

  5. Henry Clay • Represented Kentucky in both • House of Representatives: Speaker of the House • Senate • Man behind the American System

  6. Andrew Jackson • Politician • Successful Army General • War hero in War of 1812

  7. William Crawford • American Politician • United States Secretary of War (1815-1816) • United States Secretary of the Treasury (1816-1825)

  8. Election Results • Crowded race produced no clear winner • Jackson won more popular votes • No one won majority of the electoral votes needed for election • House of Representatives had to determine the outcome of the election • Henry Clay, Speaker of the House, threw his support behind Adams. • Adams wins the election and Clay is appointed Secretary of State • Known as the “corrupt bargain”

  9. Jackson’s Reaction • Jackson is infuriated by this and immediately begins campaigning for the next election • Corrupt Bargain cast a shadow on Adams’ presidency

  10. Adams’ Presidency • Adams was very supportive of Henry Clay’s American System • Internal improvements: roads, ports, canals • High tariff to pay for improvements • National bank

  11. Technology & Industrial Revolution

  12. Transportation Pre-Revolution • Water was the most effective way to travel and transport goods since all major cities and settlements were located on the water. • Overland transportation at the start of the 19th century: • Carts, wagons, sleights, stagecoaches pulled by horses and oxen on dirt roads • Very expensive

  13. Road Improvements • Hoping to improve overland transportation • Turnpikes • Roads that you had to pay a toll to use • National Road • Lone, decent route made of crushed rock • Funded by the federal government • Extended west Maryland to the Ohio River in 1818

  14. Water Transportation • Steamboat: • Boats that ran by burning wood or coal to boil water to create steam • Steam turned large paddle that would let the boat move through the water • Designed by Robert Fulton • Clermont • Cut travel time from 4 months to just 6 days

  15. Water Transportation • Canals: built to link farms to the expanding cities • Primarily built in the Northeast • Erie Canal: ran from New York to Lake Erie (approximately 363 miles) • Canals lowered the cost of shipping

  16. Railroads • A new method of transportation was introduced beginning in the 1800s: Railroads! • Railroads were largely developed in Great Britain, began to appear in US in 1820s. • First trains were pulled by horses • Switched to steam powered engines, could pull more weight • 13 miles of tracks in 1830 to 31,000 miles by 1860

  17. Industrial Revolution • Developments in technology transformed manufacturing. • Industrial Revolution changed nation’s economy, culture, social life, and politics • Began in Great Britain in 1700s

  18. Textile Mills • Samuel Slater brought technology used in textile mills in Great Britain to the United States in 1793 • Built first water-powered textile mill • Pawtucket spun cotton thread • Family system: entire families were employed by the mills • Francis Cabot Lowell • Built mill in Massachusetts in a town they established, Lowell • “Lowell Girls” were employed to work in the mills and lived in closely supervised boardinghouses

  19. Inventions • Interchangeable Parts: individual parts that can be replaced when they break, rather than having to replace the entire item. • Introduced by Eli Whitney • Samuel F.B. Morse: electric telegraph • Electric pulses that could travel long distances along metal wires and came out as coded signals • Named Morse Code after the inventor

  20. Inventions • Agriculture • Steel Plow: invented by John Deere • Mechanical Reaper: Cyrus McCormick • Cotton Gin: Eli Whitney

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