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World War II

World War II. Hitler’s preparation for Lightning War. Hitler’s desire for the Polish Corridor A. spoke in front of the Reichstag to explain need for Polish Corridor (8/28/1939) B. Used nonaggression pact with USSR C. Why Poland?. September 1, 1931 attack on Poland – “blitzkrieg”.

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World War II

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  1. World War II

  2. Hitler’s preparation for Lightning War • Hitler’s desire for the Polish Corridor A. spoke in front of the Reichstag to explain need for Polish Corridor (8/28/1939) B. Used nonaggression pact with USSR C. Why Poland?

  3. September 1, 1931 attack on Poland – “blitzkrieg” • wiped out Polish • tanks brought 1.5 million soldiers • Sept., 3 1939 France and Great Britain declare war on Germany • 4.Poland

  4. “Phony War” 1. French and British mobilized their troops along the Maginot Line 2. Hitler swung troops northeastern France and Luxembourg to Belgium

  5. France falls to Nazis 1. Italy declares War on France and Great Britain on June 10, 1940 2. Divided into 2 seperate areas: • Northern France (2/3) • Vichy France (1/3) Petain who was seen as traitor • Freedom fighters:

  6. Germany’s attack on Great Britain 1. Operation Sea Lion (1940) – Hitler’s plan 2. Great Britain: 3. Battle of Britain: began July 1940 4. Late Aug., Great Britain bombed Berlin 5.late 1040 Hitler retreats ** 1st major victory for Allied powers

  7. United States aid 1.1939 Roosevelt: cash-carry policy 2. gave GB 50 destroyers for 99 yr leases 3. 1940 1st military draft during peace time 4. March 1941 Lend-Lease Act: - - 5. by 1941 German subs ordered to be shot down

  8. War in the Balkans and the Soviet Union 1.Bulgaria,Romania,Hungary cooperate with Axis powers 2. Greece and Yugoslavia invaded April 4, 1941 3. Invasion of the Soviet Union

  9. Attack on North Africa • Germany and Italy attack • Mussolini • “Desert Fox” • 1942 Battle at El Alamein • Eisenhower drove east from Morocco and Algeria • 1943 Axis forced to surrender:

  10. Invasion of the USSR • Germany attacks Greece and Yugoslavia • Operation Babarossa • Desire Leningrad (north), Moscow (center) and Ukraine (south) • Leningrad winter of 1941-42 • Churchill: anyone who fight the Nazi = Allied • Aid to Soviets difficult • Battle of Stalingrad 1942

  11. Invasion of Italy • Churchill attacks from North Africa • 1. July 9, 1943 invade shores of Sicily • 2. call for Mussolini’s resignation/ arrested July 25, 1943 • 3. Italy renounces pact with Hitler/ all out against • Hitler invades Italy to stop allies

  12. Invasion of France • ^ 2 million infantry soldiers and over 1 million soldiers for sea and air attacks • Phony attack on Calisis • June 6 1944 – D- day • Aug. 1944: German retreat from Paris/ Aug. 24 enter Paris

  13. Collapse of the 3rd Reich • A. war on 2 fronts • B. Hitler refuse to surrender • 1. suicide April 30, 1945 • C. Mussolini assassinated April 28 • D. FDR dies April 12 • E. Berlin surrenders May 2 to Soviets May 7th full surrender

  14. Japans conquers Asian Empire • Wanted control of all Asian trading • War with China hurts financially • Threatened U.S. interest

  15. Attack on Pearl Harbor • 1941 5 year non-aggression pact with the USSR • Didn’t believe the U.S. was ready for war • Japanese code “MAGIC” • Dec. 7, 1941 D-day • Dec 8 war on Japan • Dec 11 war on Germany

  16. War in the Pacific • Japanese attack the Philippines, Guam, Burma, Thailand, and Singapore • Australia last resistance in Pacific • Battle of the Coral Sea May 1942 • Battle of the Midway June 1942 • “Island hopping”

  17. End in the Pacific • Long range guns against Japanese • Allied leaders feel attack wrong • Kamikazes • President Truman – use of bomb? • September 2, 1945 Emperor Hirohito orders surrender

  18. Holocaust • Persecution of Jews • By 1932 Jews fled Germany in fear of what would happen • Kristalnacht • Ghettos • Concentration camps • Final Solution : • Genocide

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