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Leadership Charlotte Class 34 JUSTICE DAY

Leadership Charlotte Class 34 JUSTICE DAY. Paul C. Friday, Ph.D. Senior Research Scholar, Institute for Social Capital Professor of Criminal Justice University of North Carolina at Charlotte February 21, 2013. Perspective. My view: Professor of Criminal Justice (PhD. Sociology)

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Leadership Charlotte Class 34 JUSTICE DAY

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  1. Leadership Charlotte Class 34JUSTICE DAY Paul C. Friday, Ph.D. Senior Research Scholar, Institute for Social Capital Professor of Criminal Justice University of North Carolina at Charlotte February 21, 2013

  2. Perspective • My view: • Professor of Criminal Justice (PhD. Sociology) • Former Deputy Sheriff and Chair County Crime Commission • Member, UN Crime Commission – Vienna • Past Chair – Charlotte/Mecklenburg Drug Free Coalition • ADAM and other research in Mecklenburg jail

  3. Crime: Perception/ Reality

  4. Perception v. Reality Percent change in rate of violent victimization since 1993 Percent change -90 93 ‘ 94 '95‘ 96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06*'07 '08 '09 '10 '11 Year Total violent crime • • . • - Serious violent crime 10

  5. BUT • Between 2010 and 2011, the overall U.S. victimization rate for violent crime increased 17%, from 19.3% to 22.5% • Charlotte – 40th of cities with over 250,000(7.1/100,000;national: 4.7) • Highest – New Orleans – 57.6 • Lowest – Lincoln, NB - 1.7

  6. 2012 Charlotte Data • 52 homicidescompared to 55, resulting in a decrease of -5.5%.  • 1798 robberiesan increase of 11.5% • 219 rapesincrease of 3.8% • 3165 aggravated assaults an increase of 9.1% • Burglaryoverall was down -9.1%, • 2138 vehicle thefts increaseof 1.8%. • Total larcenyincreased by 6.2% • larcenies from auto up by 2.8%  

  7. Q: What explanations have been offered for increase violence & theft since 2010? • Economic downturn • Strain theory • Robbery & assault significantly related to economic cycles • 20 percent fall in the wages of non-college-educated men can account for a 10.8 percent increase in property crime • 21.6 percent increase in violent crime • Question: What’s possible impact of no income tax proposal for NC?

  8. 6,434 Arrests – January, 2013 • Violent 41.3% • 78.0% male • 31.1% under 21; • 77.7% Black; • 15.4% White • Property 58.7% • 72.0 male • 53.4% under 21 • 71.8% Black; • 22.6% White

  9. Who’s in Jail - 1/31/13 • Male 91.6% Female 8.4% • African American 67.8% • Caucasian 16.1% • Hispanic/Latino 14.8% • Other 1.3%

  10. Who’s in Jail? • 16-18 2.5% • 18-24 29.4% • 25-34 33.6% 65.5% 80.2% • 35-44 20.3% • 45-54 10.4% • >55 3.8%

  11. Offenses • 71.2% Felony • 28.8% Misdemeanor • 83% Pretrial • 134 days Felony 31 days Misd. @$124/day • 13% Sentenced • 4% Probation Violation

  12. Chronic Offenders?

  13. ADAM Data

  14. Drugs and Race

  15. Drugs and Age of Arrestees

  16. What’s it cost?

  17. We spend a lot to incarcerate petty offenders

  18. Add police time court time DA time public defender TOTAL COMMUNITY COST for 81 Offenders $1.5m/YEAR

  19. High-Risk • Young, • African American • males • High drug use, • low education, under employment • Homeless or dysfunctional families

  20. Crime is a complex problem There is no simple solution to a complex problem Jail time does not decrease the risk for the next person coming to jail

  21. CJ System is REACTIVE Designed to be PUNATIVE

  22. US Tough on Crime • U.S. the largest documented prison population in the world, • both in absolute and proportional terms. • 2.03 million people behind bars, or 701 per 100,000 population. • China has the second-largest number of prisoners (1.51 million, for a rate of 117 per 100,000), • The United States has 5% of the world's population and 25% of the world's incarcerated population

  23. The Solution? Detention + Prevention

  24. Sheriff’s Office Programs • Under 21 population • HIGH SCHOOL CLASSES • YOUNG ADULT PERSONAL LIFE SKILLS • FINANCIAL FRIDAYS • YOUTH NETWORK EMPOWERMENT (MH) • SUBSTANCE ABUSE PREVENTION

  25. Sheriff’s Programs • Adult Programs • GENERAL EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT • SPANISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION • Life Skills, Domestic Violence, (ESL) , Substance Abuse Treatment, Anger Management • SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAMS • PARENTING • FEMALE INMATE PROGRAMS

  26. Conclusion • The Criminal Justice System can notsolve a problem it did not create • Universally, crime is a result of: • #1 Poor educational attainment • Lack of communication skills • Emphasis on machismo - toughness • Over-emphasis on individualism • Lack of empathy

  27. Your Choice • How much are you willing to invest in prevention versus how much you are willing to pay for incarceration? • A year in prison costs more than a year in college.

  28. The best criminal justice policy is A GOOD Social Policy

  29. Thank You Paul C. Friday, Ph.DEmail: pfriday@uncc.edu

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