INFORMATION SOCIETY E-SOCIETY

1. INFORMATION SOCIETY E-SOCIETY M. Gams matjaz.gams@ijs.si

2. Strategic vs. operational knowledge Older Younger Till 75 10-20 neurons less% /exercise

3. INFORMATION SOCIETY End of PC’s?

4. INFORMATION SOCIETY Start of Google?

5. definition: knowledge, information, data • Data are symbols representing information (sometimes facts). • Information is data in context – making data useful. • Knowledge is understanding of information. • Knowledge is what humans know (in the brains). • “Imagination is more important than knowledge.” (different types of knowledge; + processing/thinking mechanism)

6. definition: information society Information Society is a term for a society in which the creation, distribution, and manipulation of information has become the most significant economic and cultural activity. An Information Society may be contrasted with societies in which the economic underpinning is primarily Industrial or Agrarian. The machine tools of the Information Society are computers and telecommunications, rather than lathes or ploughs.

7. definition: information society Progress in information technologies and communication is changing the way we live: how we work and do business, how we educate our children, study and do research, train ourselves, and how we are entertained. The information society is not only affecting the way people interact but it is also requiring the traditional organisational structures to be more flexible, more participatory and more decentralised. (Chair's conclusions from the G-7 Ministerial Conference on the Information Society, February 1995.)

8. definition: information society (IBM) Information Society: A society characterised by a high level of information intensity in the everyday life of most citizens, in most organisations and workplaces; by the use of common or compatible technology for a wide range of personal, social, educational and business activities, and by the ability to transmit, receive and exchange digital data rapidly between places irrespective of distance.

9. definition: information society (Answers.com, Wikipedia) • An information society is one which the creation, distribution and manipulation of information is becoming a significant economic and cultural activity. The knowledge economyis its economic counterpart whereby wealth is created through the economic exploitation of knowledge. • The information society is a new kind of society. Specific to this kind of society is the central position information technology has for production and economy. Information society is seen as successor to industrial society. Closely related concepts are post-industrial society (Daniel Bell), post-fordism, post-modern society, knowledge society, Telematic Society, Information Revolution, and informational society (Manuel Castells).

10. New world of information society!Integration of the three worlds. ELECTRONIC WORLD Collapse of time, space.

11. definition: information society More than 50% of GDP related to information/knowledge. • More than 50% of employees active in the information economy (immaterial labour). Economy based on transition from material goods to information/knowledge (primary and secondary sector, e.g. OECD 1981, 1986). IS started 1970-1980? Constantly growing! Slovenian growth

12. Slovenia is now 2-3 in egov services in Europe

13. Information Society IT GROWTH (ups and downs, but overall high growth: "Study: Net Fueling Global Job Boom" E-Commerce Times (08/29/00); Enos, Lori Jobs created by the Internet economy in the United States and six European countries will exceed 10 million by 2002, concludes a new study, "Internet Enabled Job Creation and the Digital Revolution," from AndersenConsulting. The study reports that the Internet will be the cause of 3 million jobs in Spain, Italy, France, Germany, Ireland, and the United Kingdom, and5.8 million jobs in the United States by 2002. Internet-related industries will create an additional 2 million jobs.

14. "Greenspan Upbeat on Technology" Washington Post (08/26/00) P. E1; Berry, John M.  Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan, cited technology as the main reason for the continued growth of productivity in the United States. Greenspan said, "The most recent wave of technology has engendered a pronounced rise in American rates of return on high-tech investments, which has led to a stepped-up pace of capital [spending] and increased productivity growth." He also noted that technology has improved trade and the integration of the world's economies. … 6 percent for the 12-month period ended this June. This growth continues to amaze economists, who did not expect to see such prolonged growth without an accompanying rise in inflation. (2005) Tech industry observers report an increase in hiring, although automation, outsourcing, and offshoring appear to be undermining demand for U.S. tech employees. Economy

15. Needs for IT Workers

16. USA Visas for IT Workers Table 1: USA visas 1990 66,000 1998 115,000 2000 200,000

17. Possibilities

18. "Google Joins Effort to Put Millions of Books Online"NorthJersey.com (01/18/05); Kladko, Brian • Initiatives to digitize books and make them accessible online for public consumption have generally kept a low profile, but Google has significantly boosted awareness with the recent announcement of its Google Print project, which aims to convert millions of printed works to electronic form. However, lesser-hyped nonprofit efforts such as Carnegie Mellon University's Universal Library and Project Gutenberg are designed to keep the digitized material unrestricted. "Our objective is to ultimately take the works of man...digitize it and make it free to everybody," declares Carnegie Mellon computer science professor Michael Shamos. • Digital books are “more” information service than reading physical books An example of information service

19. E-business

20. Information growth

21. BASIC I.S. LAWS • Moore’s law (exponential growth of chip capabilities) • Metcalf’s law: value(network) = square(no. of nodes) or n*logn (size of network is very important; internet) • Sidgemor’s law (exponential growth of net traffic, of transmission capabilities) • Andreesen Lewis Fleming... net capitalism = frictionless economy, information economy, Internet economy, new economy(global, liberal, without rectrictions, regulations)

22. Moore’s Law

23. Saturation – When?

24. mMetcalfe's Law - value of a network is proportional to the square of the number of nodesMoore's Law Metcalfe's Law - value of a network is proportional to the square of the number of nodes – social networks - Internet Sidgemore's Law - traffic doubles every three months Andreesen's Law - cost of bandwidth is dropping Disk capacity (+electronic basic properties) also grows exponential Lewis/Flemig's Law - friction-free economy, booming, self-regulating (Greenspan) • Gilder’s Law (The Law of Telecoms) - Total telecommunications system capacity (b/s) triples every three yearsPut on the Internet all your information and activities FB:mail The cyber-world doubles fortune (real or fictive?? – current crises) Side effect of information society is information overload Information society demands intensive information knowledge for successful leadership Information society belongs to all of us The Internet is the most democratic and free media in the world The Internet and information society are our hope for the future ZAKONI INFORMACIJSKE DRUŽBE

25. Background - Information Society • new breed/generation? • new technology, old thinking or vice versa (Web 2)? • nothing new last year? • predicting the future

26. Cyber stalking • Fraud and identity theft • Phishing scams • Information warfare • Specific Crimes spam, fraud, obscene, offensive, harassment, pornography, drugs … • Most non-just-physical criminal activities in the real world are also on the Internet, but much less often! (no. of policemen) Basics - safety • Info <> material • 1 page of bits? Which is easier to burn? • Routers approach trillions of bits per second – one world • Internet is safe because of its nature – protocol, distributed, not physical • Attacks on networks Malware and malicious code Denial-of-service attacks Viruses, worms • Attacks on users

27. Trends of progress • Information society:quick changes,from local to global, non-determined world“one big village” • Infosphere: - handling information- evolution of the Internet, society and culture (SF prediction?)

28. Which info to handle? • Mass media – daily papers, weekly journals … (paper) • Scientific/popular journals • Books, manuals …------------- paper --------------- • TV, teletext, interactive TV, Tivo • Computer (Intranet, Extranet, Internet, local connections)-------------- electronic --------- • Human comm. / interaction through networks - groups • Examples of mass deceptions: - politicians Irak- economic loans/banks

29. 1876: telephones are useless In 1950: by 2000 super-intelligent computer(much faster HW) 1950: the whole world needs 10 computers In 1960: by 1980 home robots 1977: there will be no home computers Average human will live to 100 y. 50-years old predictions – ICT far the best predicted Predicting the future

30. Intelligent home Int. housekeeping Int. carservices ... business TV-computer digital Media/speech/understanding Skype : IP phone Youtube, Facebook, Linkedin Elderly Google new functions Internet guides local-global Kindle Education – MIT Encyclopedia, Wikipedia Virtual reality Intelligent robots Web2, 3 / semantic Web New services

31. Another Saturation Soon? Computer Generations

32. Human Generations

33. IS Impact on Humans (Lewis)

34. Human Saturation Info clock << biological clock • Terminal velocity • Conflict between biological and information clock • Humans can’t cope with information overflow • Solution: WE NEED INTELLIGENT ASSISTANTS

35. Computer Generations

36. Discussion • Information society – a great opportunity for IT educated technological, human, social • Intelligent assistants - SW generation with some degree of freedom when executing tasks • True intelligent revolution decades away • We need information society to progress – and not to lag behind • Personally – a great decision!