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Sections 5.1 and 5.2 Energy and Chemical Reactions

Sections 5.1 and 5.2 Energy and Chemical Reactions. Principles of Thermodynamics. In these sections: types of energy energy units principles of thermodynamics enthalpy endothermic/exothermic systems. Control of Chemical Reactions. Energy Conversion Examples: 1. dropping a rock

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Sections 5.1 and 5.2 Energy and Chemical Reactions

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  1. Sections 5.1 and 5.2 Energy and Chemical Reactions Principles of Thermodynamics

  2. In these sections: • types of energy • energy units • principles of thermodynamics • enthalpy • endothermic/exothermic systems

  3. Control of Chemical Reactions

  4. Energy Conversion Examples: 1. dropping a rock 2. using a flashlight 3. driving a car

  5. Principles of Thermodynamics: Systems and Surroundings

  6. Principles of Thermodynamics: • Isolated system: • neither matter nor energy can be passed to or from the surroundings • Closed system: • energy but not matter can be passed to or from the surroundings

  7. Principles of Thermodynamics: ΔEsystem = q + w First law of thermodynamics: Euniverse = 0

  8. Principles of Thermodynamics:

  9. Principles of Thermodynamics: Enthalpy = internal energy + pressure x volume H = E + PV ΔH = heat exchanged under constant pressure

  10. Principles of Thermodynamics: • Endothermic process: • heat is transferred from the surroundings to the system • Exothermic process: • heat is transferred from the system to the surroundings

  11. Principles of Thermodynamics: ΔH and bond energies

  12. Energy Level Diagrams (Enthalpy Diagrams):

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