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BYS219L – Spring 2010

BYS219L – Spring 2010. Introduction to Drosophila melanogaster. Model organisms. Easy experimentation Many similarities to humans Well-understood. See inside cover of textbook (Griffiths). Drosophila melanogaster , the fruitfly. Kingdom: animalia Class: insecta Diet: Rotting fruit

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BYS219L – Spring 2010

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  1. BYS219L – Spring 2010 Introduction to Drosophila melanogaster

  2. Model organisms • Easy experimentation • Many similarities to humans • Well-understood See inside cover of textbook (Griffiths)

  3. Drosophila melanogaster, the fruitfly Kingdom: animalia Class: insecta Diet: Rotting fruit Size: 0.5mm See textbook (Griffiths 9th edition) pages 770-771 (Appendix A)

  4. The “Fly Room” Columbia University, New York, 1919 Thomas Hunt Morgan Worked out mechanisms of inheritance archives.caltech.edu

  5. Why use fruitflies? • Easy to handle (small, harmless) • Fast generation time (10 days egg to adult) • Genome sequenced • 75% of human disease genes have a match in the Drosophila genome • Sexual Reproduction

  6. Microscopic/Genetic Analysis A confocal micrograph of several segments of the Drosophila embryonic Central Nervous System showing a subset of interneurons (green) with axon projections crossing the CNS midline. The entire axon scaffold is shown in red. (upenn.edu) Bonini et al., 2009 (Nature) Top row: external view, depigmentation Bottom row: retinal cryosections

  7. Mutant Drosophila Antennae  Legs Bithorax

  8. Drosophila life cycle 1 Day as egg 7 Days as larva 2 Days as pupa 10 days total from egg to sexual maturity.

  9. Life Cycle: Photographic View Graphic: Whitington lab, University of Melbourne

  10. Sexual Dimorphism Females: Larger, no dark pigmentation, no sex combs Exploratorium Microscope Imaging Station

  11. Additional images (Edwards lab, Illinois State U.)

  12. Sex Combs (on males) This is the most accurate marker for identifying male/female drosophila Edwards Lab, UIllinois

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