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Bioluminescence

Bioluminescence. Ms. Springstroh /Marine Biology. Sources: http://science.howstuffworks.com/zoology/all-about-animals/bioluminescence4.htm

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Bioluminescence

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  1. Bioluminescence Ms. Springstroh/Marine Biology Sources: http://science.howstuffworks.com/zoology/all-about-animals/bioluminescence4.htm http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CDAQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcc.hawaii.edu%2Ffacstaff%2Fmiliefsky-m%2FOCN%2520201%2FOCN%2520201%2520PPT%2F013-Bioluminescence.ppt&ei=abu-UKydOaOWyAHn34Bo&usg=AFQjCNHFcwPhp0m2PDuK-syIszLscDR1Yw&cad=rja

  2. What is bioluminescence? • A chemical reaction in some fishes, squids, octopuses, and other animals of the deep sea, which produces light. Some fungi & insects do this as well.

  3. Difference between incandescence and luminescence • Incandescence • Involves a light bulb • So much heat is produced that light is emitted • Not very efficient (waste a lot of heat energy) • Luminescence • Chemical compounds mix together to produce a glow • Example: what happens in a glow stick

  4. Incandescence • Luminescence

  5. What exactly produces the light in bioluminescence? • Chemicals (the luciferin pigment and the luciferase enzyme) found within the animal and which react with oxygen • Often bacteria– which have a symbiotic (close) relationship with the animal– will be the ones producing the light

  6. Where do bioluminescent marine organisms live? • In the twilight/disphotic(poorly lit) zone (600 ft – 3300 ft deep)

  7. Quick Question How might these two facts be related? • Most marine organisms cannot see colors other than blue. • The sunlight which reaches the disphotic zone is blueish/green. • Almost all marine bioluminescence is blueish/green.

  8. Twilight/Disphotic Zone • Hardly any sunlight reaches this zone • The sunlight that does reach this zone is blueish/green in color • Bioluminescent marine organisms produce mostly blueish/green light • Helps them blend in with the little bit of sunlight that does reach this part of the ocean

  9. Why do some animals make light? • Some species of plankton produce light b/c they are disturbed by a passing ship, tides, storms, and other swimming marine life • Burglar alarm theory • Small fish feeds on plankton plankton emit light (“burglar alarm”) light attracts larger fish to the area  larger fish eat the small fish, & plankton are safe

  10. Why do some animals make light? • Blind predators • Countershading • In dark parts of ocean: • Hard to see below you • Easy to see silhouette of what’s above you • Producing light on underside of body helps an organisms blend in with light from above • Communication to find a mate • Spotlight for locating food • Attract/lure prey

  11. Countershading

  12. Questions to think about • Define bioluminescence. • Who produces bioluminescence? • What is countershading? • What is the evolutionary advantage of bioluminescence?

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