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Osmosis

Osmosis. IB Biology Topic 2. Key Vocabulary for Osmosis. Water Potential:  The tendency of water molecules to move from one place to another  Hypotonic Solution:  Means that the solution is more dilute than the cell-sap 

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Osmosis

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  1. Osmosis IB Biology Topic 2

  2. Key Vocabulary for Osmosis • Water Potential: The tendency of water molecules to move from one place to another  • Hypotonic Solution: Means that the solution is more dilute than the cell-sap  • Isotonic Solution: Means that the solution has the same water potential as the cell-sap  • Hypertonic Solution: Means that the solution has a lower water potential than the cell-sap  • Endosmosis: The transfer of water into the cytoplasm through a semi-permeable membrane  • Turgidity: The pressure inside the cell pushing against the cell-wall when it increases water potential  • Plasmolysis: When the cell loses water and the cell-membrane is pulled inwards, it is plasmolysed • Turgor Pressure: The pressure inside the cell when it becomes turgid  • Concentration Gradient: The difference of concentrations between two regions (difference of concentration between high & low region)

  3. Osmosis Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from an area of lower osmotic potential to an area of morenegative osmotic potential.

  4. Water potential • Water potential is a measure of water molecule potential for movement in a solution. • Water always moves by osmosis from less negative to more negative water potential. • The highest possible water potential is that of pure water which is 0, all other solutions have a negative water potential. • Water potential is measured in Pa.

  5. Hypertonic Solutions • Hypertonic solutions contain a high concentration of solute relative to another solution for example the cells cytoplasm. • Water diffuses out of a cell when it is placed in isotonic solution which causes the cell to shrivel.

  6. Hypotonic Solutions • Hypotonic Solutions have a high concentration of solute relative to a different solution i.e. the cells cytoplasm. • Water diffuses into the cell when it is placed in a hypotonic solution, this means the cell swells and possibly explodes.

  7. Isotonic solutions • Isotonic solution has the same concentration as another solution for example the cells cytoplasm. • Water diffuses in and out of the cell at the same rate when placed in an isotonic solution. • The fluid surrounding body cells is isotonic.

  8. Summary

  9. Now try your osmosis worksheet • Diffusion and osmosis practice problems

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