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Ecology and Ecosystems Vocabulary

Ecology and Ecosystems Vocabulary. Autotroph. Organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds ; also called a producer. Producer.

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Ecology and Ecosystems Vocabulary

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  1. Ecology and Ecosystems Vocabulary

  2. Autotroph • Organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer

  3. Producer • Organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph

  4. Heterotroph • Organism that relies on other organisms for their energy and food supply; also called a consumer

  5. Consumer • Organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food; also called heterotroph

  6. Herbivore • Heterotroph that obtains energy by only eating plants

  7. Carnivore • Heterotroph that obtains energy by eating animals

  8. Omnivore • Heterotroph that obtains energy by eating both plants and animals

  9. Decomposer • Heterotroph that breaks down organic matter

  10. Food Chain • A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

  11. Food Web • Links all the food chains in an ecosystem together

  12. Trophic Level • Each step in a food chain or food web; first level is producers, thenconsumers, which make up second, third, and higher levels

  13. Ecological Pyramid • A diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain or web; 3 types: energy, biomass, and pyramids of numbers • The energy/biomass starts at 100% for the producers with only about 10 percent of that energy transfers to organisms at the next trophic level

  14. Biotic Factors • Biological influences on organisms within an ecosystem • Including birds, trees, mushrooms, and bacteria, etc.

  15. Abiotic Factors • Physical, or nonliving, factors that shape ecosystems • Temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind, nutrient availability, soil type, sunlight, etc.

  16. Predation • An interaction in which one organism (predator) captures and feeds on another organism (prey) • Predator Prey

  17. Symbiosis • Any relationship in which two species live closely together

  18. Mutualism • Both species benefit from the relationship

  19. Commensalism • One member of the relationship benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed

  20. Parasitism • One orgasm lives on or inside another organism and harms it

  21. Thermal Energy • Heat; the total amount of kinetic energy due to the random motion of atoms or molecules in a body of matter; energy at its most random form; with each energy transfer from ATP, a bit of energy slipped off into the surroundings as thermal energy

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