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Other Muslim Empires

Other Muslim Empires. World History October 29, 2013. Muslims in India. C onquered India Previously predominantly Hindu & Buddhist Created the Delhi Sultanate Sultanate = land ruled by a sultan Muslims and Hindus At first people were persecuted for not converting

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Other Muslim Empires

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  1. Other Muslim Empires World History October 29, 2013

  2. Muslims in India • Conquered India • Previously predominantly Hindu & Buddhist • Created the Delhi Sultanate • Sultanate= land ruled by a sultan • Muslims and Hindus • At first people were persecuted for not converting • Soon the relations became more peaceful • Hindus were polytheistic • Worshipped idols and representations of Gods • Mughal India • When India was ruled by Mongols • Led by Babur – Mongol leader

  3. “The Age of Gunpowder Empires” • Muslims ruled India in the west • Known as Mughal India • The Ottomans and Safavids ruled in the Middle East and parts of Eastern Europe • All 3 Empires heavily relied on new weapons • Cannons allowed them to tear down other cities • Muskets gave them power over powerful foot soldiers • New technologies allowed the Ottomans and Safavids to create strong central governments

  4. The Ottoman Empire • Originated as a Turkish-speaking nomadic tribe who migrated from Central Asia • Settled and established a capital in the Balkan Peninsula • As the Ottomans expanded they threatened the crumbling Byzantine Empire • After many failed attempts, the Ottomans captured Constantinople • Ottoman Golden Age under sultan “Suleiman the Magnificent” • Modernized the army • Conquered lands expanding the empire • He led them to the largest and most powerful empire in the world at that time • Controlled the lands of Mecca and Medina • Suleiman gave himself the nickname “Protector of the Sacred Places”

  5. Ottoman Culture • The Ottoman government was run by a large and capable council • Law was based on the Sharia • Sunni Muslims • Ottomans divided their subjects into four social classes: • “Men of Pen” • “Men of the Sword” • “Men of Negotiation” • “Men of Husbandry” • Ottomans allowed non-Muslims to live amongst them • Organized into millets • Maintained a strong military • Children trained from an early age • As their culture flourished, they made many advancements in the arts

  6. The Safavid Empire • By the early 1500s the Safavid dynasty had united an empire in Persia • They engaged in frequent warfare with Mughal India and the Ottoman Empire • Shiite Muslim • Abbas the Great – the shah or king • Centralized the government • Created a powerful military • Created alliances with European states • Valued non-Muslims • Built a new capital, Isfahan • Center of international silk trade • Allowed culture to flourish

  7. The Decline • The Ottoman Empire began to crumble in the 1700s • Advancements slowed and others continued to grow • Invaders began to chip away at their borders • The Safavid glory faded after the death of Shah Abbas • Sunni Muslims revolted and the Shah lost power • A new dynasty, the Qajars won control of their lands ending their rule • By 1500 Islam had become the dominant faith across a large part of the word from West Africa to Southeast Asia

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