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Floating Offshore Wind Power Possibilities and challenges for Norwegian Industry

Floating Offshore Wind Power Possibilities and challenges for Norwegian Industry. Carl Sixtensson Senior Consultant , DNV KEMA Renewable Energy. Presentation outline. 1. The context of floating wind 2 . E mergence of a global market – focus on USA and Japan

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Floating Offshore Wind Power Possibilities and challenges for Norwegian Industry

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  1. Floating Offshore Wind PowerPossibilities and challenges for Norwegian Industry Carl Sixtensson Senior Consultant, DNV KEMA Renewable Energy

  2. Presentation outline 1. The context of floating wind 2. Emergenceof a global market – focus on USA and Japan 3. Enablers and barriers for Norwegian companies – The case of Japan 4. Final conclusions

  3. Floating Wind Turbines – A rapid development 2009: The first full scale prototype deployedoutside Karmøy, Norway 2012 & 2013: Year’sof global developments

  4. 1. The context of floating wind 2. Emergenceofa global market – focus on USA and Japan 3. Enablers and barriers for Norwegian companies – The case of Japan 4. Final conclusions

  5. EWEA 2013 • The average European ONSHORE windturbine • Capacity: 2.2 MW • Capacityfactor: 24% • Averageannual energy production: 4,702 MWh • This can power more than1202 households • The average European OFFSHORE windturbine • Capacity: 3.6 MW • Capacityfactor: 41% • Averageannual energy production: 12,961 MWh • This can power more than3312 households

  6. A Floatingwindturbineexample – Statoils Hywind 50 % capacity factor in 2011 Extraordinary energy potential Source: Statoil

  7. An oceanof different concepts - Innovations and a time oflearning

  8. The spar buoys Weight-buoyancystabilizedwith a relativelylarge draft 4-6 times (up to 10-20) thewaterdepth Fairlead Water depth Anchor Anchor Schematic • Fewactivecomponents • Well-proven technology • Stable design

  9. The semi-submersibles 4-6 times (up to 10-20) thewaterdepth Fairlead Water depth Anchor Schematic • Veryflexiblewithregard to site • Lowrequirments on soilconditions • Simple installation

  10. The Tension Leg Platforms Water depth Tendon Anchor Schematic • Small seabedfootprint • Lowstructuralweight • Fewactive systems/components

  11. 1. The context of floating wind 2. Emergenceof a global market – focus on USA and Japan 3. Enablers and barriers for Norwegian companies – The case of Japan 4. Final conclusions

  12. Global activities on floatingwind – Someexamples • Over 60% of resources in deep water • US DOE funding of seven offshore wind projects, including three floating. • 2400 GW in waters beyond 60 m • ETI will fund a floating wind demonstration project to be tested at the UK’s Wave Hub, GlostensPelaStar TLP • Statoils Hywind • Strongemphasis on research, protoypedevelopment etc. • Considerabledeep water resources • Vast majorityofwind resources in deep waters • A verystrongfocus on floatingwind, especially after Fukushima. • Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) • HiPRind project,11M€, 2010-2015 • Inflow program, vertical axis turbines, long term goal of 26 MW • NER300 funding for a 27 MW WindFloatarray

  13. US – Overview • US Department ofInteriorassessedthe energy resources ofthe Outer Continental Shelf and concludedthatalmosttheentire US electric energy needscould be met by deep water offshore windsolely. • Over 60% ofthewind resources in deep water, including all the offshore wind resources in Northern New England, the US West Coast and Hawaii (in water depthsbeyond 60 m) - floating offshore windtechnologies is the only realistic and viablesolution at many locations.

  14. The US market actors Key market actors • DeepCwindconsortium:is a group consistingof 36 industrial, university and national laboratoty partners, coordinated by theUniversityof MainethroughDOEfunding. • NREL: U.S. Department of Energy's primary national laboratory for renewable energy and energy efficiency research and development • Department of Energy: In mid- December 2012 DOE decidedthatthreefloatingwindprojectswouldreceivefunding for deep-water demonstrationsite developments. Initial fundingof $4M is provided for development support and up to $47M in total. • Statoil • Principle Power • Universityof Maine

  15. The DOE projects – Statoil • Statoil North America of Stamford, Connecticut plans to deploy four 3-megawatt wind turbines on floating spar buoy structures in the Gulf of Maine off Boothbay Harbor at a water depth of approximately 140 m. • These spar buoys will be assembled in harbor to reduce installation costs and then towed to the installation site to access the Gulf of Maine's extensive deep water offshore wind resources. • The $120M projectgained key approval in late January 2013 Hywind Photo: C.F. Salicath

  16. The DOE projects – Principle Power • Washington-based Principle Power plans to install five semi-submersible floating foundations outfitted with 6-megawatt direct-drive offshore wind turbines. • The project will be sited in deep water approximately 25 km from Coos Bay, Oregon. • Detailedscopeofwork is under establishment • Partners: • Siemens Wind Power • NREL • Houston Offshore Engineering • the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory • the American Bureau of Shipping • MacArtney Underwater Technology • … Image: Renewable Energy Magazine

  17. The DOE projects – Universityof Maine • The University of Maine plans to install a pilot floating offshore wind farm with two 6-megawatt direct-drive turbines on concrete semi-submersible foundations, total 12 MW, near Monhegan Island. • The projectwill be usingtheVolturnUSfloatingplatform technology developed at theUmaineComposites Center and builds on thesuccessoftheDeepCwindConsortium Research Program, • These concrete foundations could result in improvements in commercial-scale production and provide offshore wind projects with a cost-effective alternative to traditional steel foundations

  18. Japan – Overview

  19. Japan – Currentsituation • Most nuclear reactors were closed down following the Fukushima accident in 2011. All-time high oil prices and Japan being highly dependent on imported gas to run their gas power plants act as brake on global economy. New energy sources are needed. • Limited amount of space for new onshore installations, issues related to grid access, time-consuming environmental impact assessments and lengthy project construction times have weighed on the growth of the country’s wind industry. • The JWPA claims there is potential to develop up to 519 GW of floating offshore wind and 94 GW of fixed offshore wind, as well as 169 GW of onshore wind, in Japan.

  20. Market incentives • Japan introduced a new feed-in tariff for wind projects on 1 July 2012 of 23.1 yen (~€ 0.2, ~ twice as much as the UK support for offshore wind projects) per kWh for 20 years, up from the roughly 15 yen (~€ 0.13) being paid on contracts previously. For offshore wind the FIT is expected to be 1.5 -2 times this level • The revised energy policy envisage investment in renewable energy sources of €380 billion over the next two decades. MITI (Ministry of International Trade and Industry) estimates that total investment in renewables could be in the vicinity of €495 billion by 2030. • Reform thepower transmission/distributionsector. Reform Process of Japan’s Agency for Natural Resources and Energy 1. Ensure freedom of choice of electricity for all people Open electricity system for all people 2. Enable all people to create electricity freely Supply-demand balance through competition and selection 3. Deliver all electricity to all people widely and neutrally

  21. Japanese floatingwind initiatives - Fukushima • Four different floating wind structures are planned to be installed off the coast of Fukushima during 2013 and 2014. • Stage 1: A floating substation and a 2MW downwind floating turbine installed on a semi-submersible substruture will be installed. • Stage 2: A7MW turbine is planned to be installed on v-shaped semi-sub and an advanced spar solution respectively. 1000 MW Fukushima Wind Farm?

  22. Japanese floatingwind initiatives - Kabashima • The Kabashima demonstration turbine: • A consortium including the Ministry of the Environment, Sasebo and Fuji have installed a 100kW downwind turbine on a Spar solution in the sea outside Kabashima. • A full scale solution with a 2MW turbine is planned for the summer of 2013 in this project funded by the Japanese government.

  23. 1. The context of floating wind 2. Emergenceof a global market – focus on USA and Japan 3. Enablers and barriers for Norwegian companies – The case of Japan 4. Final conclusions

  24. Japans ambition - Summary Japan waters will be a ‘laboratory’ in thecomingyearswiththeaim to establish an industrywith an interationalpotential.Wearelikely to see: 1. Furthertechnicaldevelopment , prototype testing and buildingofsmallarrays – All stronglysupported by the Japanese government. 2. Need to import Technologies/Methodologies – Learn from theindustry 3. Japanese companies looking at international markets, for example in the waters between Taiwan and mainland China. Norwegian companies have a potential to assist Japanese (and otherinternational) developments based on theexperiencegained from offshore activities and wind developments, in Norway and internationally. .

  25. The gaps needs to be identified – Potential for Norway New Technology, uniquesolutions O&M, Installation, Anchors, stationkeeping Standards & rules Consultancy • Advisory Services • Technology qualification • Certification

  26. Joint Ventures • Japanese industrialfirm Hitachi Zosen has teamed up with Statoil to strengthentheir offshore windambitions. • Feasibility studies intohowtheHywindcould be deployed in Japanese waters areunderway. • Hitachi Zosen has formed a consortiumwithsixother companies to investabout €1.2 bn in Japanese offshore windprojects.

  27. 1. The context of floating wind 2. Emergenceof a global market – focus on USA and Japan 3. Enablers and barriers for Norwegian companies – The case of Japan 4. Final conclusions

  28. Final remarks • Significantlyincreasedfocus on floatingwindstructuresglobally. • Incentives and developments in Europe, US and especially Japan (and Korea). • One should not underestimate Japanese technology development and capacity to quicklyadopt and findsolutions to technicalchallenges. • In order to enterthe Japanese market financialmusclesarelikely to be required and/or a unique technology desired by Japanese firms. • JV’sare an effectiveway to create a business momentum in Japan (and elsewhereinternationally) • DNV have worked in closecollaborationwithseveral Japanese stakeholders through Joint Industry Projects etc.

  29. Thank you! www.dnvkema.com Carl.Sixtensson@dnvkema.com

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